Brightsurf delivers daily science news discoveries, articles, and the latest scientific breakthroughs. Your trusted source for science news today, covering nature news, science & technology, and scientific discoveries from leading research institutions worldwide.
Researchers have discovered compact viral RNA elements that can stabilize mRNA, increasing protein production. These elements, called tailons, work by extending the poly(A) tail of mRNA, slowing its degradation. This breakthrough offers a simple way to develop longer-lasting and more efficient mRNA technologies for various applications.
Researchers used CRISPR/Cas9 to eliminate the SlERF.J2 gene in tomatoes, improving drought and salt tolerance. The edited plants showed enhanced germination, root growth, and antioxidant defenses.
Researchers from the Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research measured sugars from seawater in the upper atmosphere over Spitsbergen, revealing their role in cloud formation and Arctic climate. The findings contribute to a better understanding of the interactions leading to above-average warming in the Arctic.
A head-to-head comparison of nine blood tests for early Alzheimer's disease revealed noticeable variations in diagnostic accuracy. The CLEAR-AD study found that seven assays demonstrated strong accuracy, while two showed lower performance, highlighting the need for platform-specific calibration.
A new framework converges soft electronics and artificial intelligence to overcome traditional sensor limitations, enabling adaptive denoising and drift-aware calibration. This synergy transforms mechanically compliant sensors into intelligent systems, achieving continuous, reliable operation in everyday settings.
Researchers classified liver cancer into three molecular subtypes based on lipid droplet-associated genes, identifying PLIN3 as a key regulator of tumor progression. The study provides insights into metabolic reprogramming and heterogeneity in HCC, offering a framework for personalized prognostic and therapeutic strategies.
Researchers at Würzburg University discovered a new approach to preventing thrombosis by reducing the density of GPVI receptors on platelets. This 'GPVI-low' phenotype maintains haemostatic function while inhibiting blood clot formation, offering a safer alternative to current treatments.
A possible biological marker of suicidal thoughts has been identified, suggesting that P2RX7 changes as suicidal thoughts become stronger or weaker. This finding may help understand why some people recover from severe suicidal thoughts, opening a new path for resilience and suicide prevention research.
The Class of 2030 includes 38 former working professionals and nearly two-thirds women, bringing skills and experiences from fields like social services, population health, traditional Chinese medicine, and engineering. This diverse cohort aims to bring a broader perspective to patient care.
Insilico Medicine introduces the Virtual Aging Cell (VAC) platform, which leverages multi-agent AI to simulate cellular processes, including differentiation, reprogramming, and aging. The VAC platform aims to support target identification, cellular fate intervention, novel drug discovery, and geroscience research.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have developed a new molecule that can replace traditional chemistry with electricity in metal recovery, reducing chemical consumption by one to two orders of magnitude. The approach simplifies the extraction cycle, making it cleaner and more energy efficient.
A new cell therapy has been developed to accelerate circadian realignment in preclinical models, reducing the time required for animals to adjust to shifts in the light-dark cycle that mimic jet lag and shift work. Encapsulated leptin-producing cells have been shown to be effective in facilitating entrainment of circadian rhythms.
A post hoc analysis of a cluster randomized clinical trial found that the Real-time Prescription Benefit Tool (RTPB) increased fill rates for high-cost medications, especially among patients from low-income communities. However, the tool's recommendations were only made for a small proportion of orders, limiting the study's applicability.
A study by Rutgers researchers found that waist circumference measures nearly as accurately as a new obesity definition incorporating multiple body measurements, identifying potential health risks earlier. Waist measurement can provide a practical tool for clinicians and patients to detect unhealthy amounts of body fat.
A cohort study of 13,585 insured patients found racial disparities in endometrial cancer survival, with greater imbalances in risk of adverse tumor types and distant disease. Younger black patients had a 43% larger disparity compared to their white counterparts.
A cohort study found that state eviction moratoria are associated with higher numbers of foster care entries across 60 US jurisdictions. The study suggests that these policies may have unintended consequences on vulnerable populations.
Researchers discovered that artesunate targets glucosylceramidase (GBA) to induce apoptosis in HCC, disrupting sphingolipid homeostasis and activating caspase-dependent signaling pathways. GBA inhibition promotes α-syn accumulation, impairing CTSD maturation and triggering mitochondrial apoptosis.
A recent study found that monocyte-derived IL-1β promotes CRC progression by activating a positive feedback loop driving EMT, tumor growth, and metastasis. The p65-KRT7-ILK axis is identified as a key regulator of CRC progression.
A new intraoperative imaging platform called ULTRA combines rapid tissue clearing, stimulated Raman scattering microscopy, and AI-based virtual staining to perform deep 3D histological imaging. This enables the visualization of key histological features across different glioma subtypes and facilitates glioma margin analysis.
A comprehensive review of surgery for necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in premature infants highlights the importance of preserving functional bowel, reducing long-term complications, and supporting survival with better quality of life. Emerging perioperative tools and risk scores may improve assessment and recovery.
Research published in The Journal of Nuclear Medicine highlights the importance of intermediate amyloid PET uptake in Alzheimer's disease diagnosis and its association with cognitive decline. Additionally, studies show promising results for early SPECT/CT response prediction in PSMA-positive prostate cancer treatment, as well as potent...
A new method pioneered by Vanderbilt University's Ken Lau lab is poised to make previously inaccessible medical knowledge that has been locked away in old patient samples newly accessible to scientists. The method recovers whole cells instead of only their nuclei, capturing more biological information contained within each cell.
Researchers are investigating whether beneficial bacteria can prevent the body from absorbing lead. The study aims to determine if probiotic supplements containing harmless bacteria can produce aptamers that trap lead for excretion, providing a potential solution for people in high-risk environments, especially children.
The DKMS John Hansen Research Grant supports innovative cell therapy approaches and transplant immunology. The grant enables young researchers to build a network and advance lifesaving therapies for blood cancer.
Researchers highlight unanticipated benefits of GLP-1 medications, including reduced inflammation and lower risk of certain cardiovascular and musculoskeletal conditions. However, questions remain about lean body mass and nutritional health following weight loss associated with these medications.
Researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison have identified a new species of endangered baobab tree, Adansonia bozy, unique to Madagascar. The discovery was made possible through genetic analysis and highlights the importance of conservation efforts for this charismatic tree species.
The University of Tennessee Herbert College of Agriculture has introduced a new Bachelor of Science in Bioinformatics program, combining biological sciences and data analytics. Graduates will enter high-demand careers with unique technical skills in precision agriculture and environmental sustainability.
Researchers identified TIMP2 as a key factor supporting healthy microglial function in the aging brain. Restoring TIMP2 in aged mice improved microglia's ability to clear debris and reduced inflammation, suggesting potential therapeutic strategies for neurodegenerative disorders.
A major European study published in PLOS One found that children from disadvantaged backgrounds are more likely to die from congenital anomalies, with the risk increasing after infancy. The research highlights the influence of social and economic factors on health outcomes, particularly in countries with lower GDP per capita.
The PolyU developed AI Virtual Patient Simulation System combines multimodal data from genomic, medical imaging and clinical records to create a digital twin model tracking real-time changes in a patient's condition. It predicts the effectiveness of different cancer treatment options and supports personalized medical solutions.
Researchers used X-band phased-array radar data to improve tornado simulation capabilities, enhancing disaster risk reduction in vulnerable regions. The study found that assimilating radar wind data strengthened the storm's spinning motion, predicting the tornado's path most accurately.
The CosmoCube satellite will use the far side of the Moon as a 'shield' to block out Earth's noise and listen for the 21-centimetre line signal from hydrogen atoms in the early universe. This signal is extremely difficult to detect with Earth-based telescopes due to interference, but the Moon provides a natural shield.
A new study from the University of Copenhagen reveals that astronauts experience changes in their gut bacteria shortly after leaving Earth and gravity behind. The researchers found increased protein fermentation, which may contribute to constipation, and suggest potential interventions for future long-duration space missions.
Researchers have discovered that cells rely on polyamines to store iron in a safe state, preventing destructive reactions. This finding has implications for cancer treatment and may offer new clues about early-onset Parkinson's disease.
A case-control study found that patients with overweight or obesity at diagnosis had better survival rates than those with normal weight. However, the apparent advantage was largely due to prediagnostic weight loss associated with cancer, and should not be taken as evidence for weight gain in healthy individuals.
A new UN University publication reveals that many people in England fail to take action to protect themselves during heatwaves despite receiving warnings. The most common reason is a lack of perception of personal risk, highlighting the need for improved communication and long-term adaptation strategies.
A new study reveals that European mountain summits are warming, leading to changes in alpine vegetation, but the link between temperature and these changes is surprisingly weak. Long-term monitoring shows that local conditions, such as the presence of warmth-associated species, play a crucial role in shaping vegetation responses.
A new AI model, EarlyDetect, can detect precursor signals of active region emergence in the Sun's acoustic activity and magnetic field, forecasting solar eruptions nearly nine hours in advance. This technology has the potential to allow satellite communications companies or power grid companies to prepare for solar storms.
A study analyzing international reporting on natural disasters found that spectacular images, high death tolls, and personal ties drive cross-border coverage. Droughts and floods, key effects of climate change, are underreported due to low newsworthiness.
The study found that epilepsy-associated disability-adjusted life years were concentrated in low- and lower-middle-income countries, with significant regional inequality. Progress has been made in China, including declining mortality rates, but challenges persist, particularly in rural areas where treatment gaps reach 60%–90%.
Researchers analyzed EBRAINS-hosted brain data to determine that whole-brain activity patterns predict stimulation outcomes better than local recordings. Targeting specific sensorimotor and visual networks reduces response variability by up to 24%. This study highlights the value of open datasets for enabling large-scale analyses.
Researchers at the University of Minnesota have discovered that low-purity iron ore from the state's Iron Range can be used to create semiconductor-quality pyrite, a process that could lead to cost-effective and sustainable applications in electronics, solar panels, batteries, and more.
Scientists create a biomimetic zona pellucida coating called BZP to mimic the natural barrier on egg cells, protecting donor islets from the immune system and reducing blood sugar levels in diabetic mice for 100 days. This approach could lead to a promising commercial cell therapy platform for treating various diseases.
Researchers at EPFL have designed acoustic cavities that convert sound waves into thrust, propelling small robots and ultralight aerial vehicles without on-board actuators or electronics. These devices utilize hollow structures to harness specific frequencies of sound waves, generating directional thrust and controlled motion.
Researchers developed an AI framework that optimizes ship routes and speed profiles to reduce fuel consumption and peak air-pollutant exposure. The system achieved 20-35% improvement in optimization performance while reducing peak pollutant exposure by 34-78%.
Researchers developed AI-powered 'tissue clocks' that estimate biological age from histological images, revealing organs age at different rates throughout life. The study identifies strong links between tissue-specific aging and medical conditions or lifestyle-associated factors.
A study of 103 European cities' climate neutral plans reveals that many rely on carbon removal to compensate for a significant portion of their emissions. Key findings include the energy and transport sectors being major contributors to residual emissions, with only 32% of cities mentioning permanent carbon removal options.
Researchers identified dormant progenitor cells in skeletal muscle that migrate to fracture sites and become bone-forming cells. Muscle is the main source of these regenerative cells, which can contribute to both normal fracture healing and heterotopic ossification.
Researchers at MIT have created a new microscope that can image electrical activity in neurons distributed across the brain, revealing patterns of neural activity from milliseconds. The technique enabled observation of single voltage spikes and rapid bursts of spikes, shedding light on how the brain is activated following a stimulus.
Researchers from the Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador discovered a new species of frog, Pristimantis milpe, by reviewing historical specimens preserved at the Natural History Museum in London. The species is widely distributed and easy to detect, inhabiting the Chocó forests of western Ecuador and southern Colombia.
A team of researchers used neutron and X-ray tomography to examine a Martian meteorite sample, revealing tiny hydrated minerals and larger macroscopic hydrogen deposits. This provides crucial information about the early environment of Mars and its potential for supporting life.
A Gipuzkoa study proposes a place-based approach combining digital inclusion, public participation, and institutional coordination to govern AI responsibly. The research highlights the need for territorial digital inclusion to anticipate AI risks and protect vulnerable groups.
Researchers developed Film-Rupture Actuated Capillary Enrichment (FACE) to collect airborne samples, achieving detection sensitivity 100 times higher than traditional systems. The device uses surface tension and a bioinspired physical mechanism, eliminating the need for pumps or batteries.
A new hybrid energy system combines photovoltaics, solar thermal, and passive daytime radiative cooling to provide cooling, electricity, and heating from a single surface. The system achieved cooling of up to 6.5 °C below ambient temperature and electrical power density of 60.6 W/m².
A new review article proposes redefining watershed aquatic ecosystem health as a combined social–ecological property. The authors emphasize the need to integrate biological integrity, habitat structure, and governance for anticipatory decision-making and process-oriented governance.
Researchers developed a new 4D-printed breast cancer model that mimics the shape and movement of breast ducts. The study found that cancer cells behave differently when exposed to dynamic conditions, showing higher metabolic activity and greater survival after treatment with chemotherapy.
EdUHK researchers secure three full paper acceptances at ICML2026 tackling critical challenges in AI, including strengthening language model reasoning, promoting fairness in recommender systems and ensuring trustworthy AI calibration. Their work advances uncertainty aware AI systems in high-stakes domains.
Jim Rogers emphasizes the importance of rigorous research, questioning, and emotional discipline in achieving successful investing outcomes. He identifies major risks in global markets, including rising U.S. debt and complacency, while highlighting China's potential for recovery and India's long-term promise.
The researchers simulated how a glass deforms when doped with self-propelled particles, finding that it yields later and at higher stress. The single plane where damage accumulated is replaced by a network of smaller bands that gradually connect, spreading the damage across many areas.
Combining biochar and dicyandiamide in organic fertilizer reduces cumulative ammonia losses by 27.1% compared to conventional urea fertilization, maintaining crop productivity despite reduced mineral nitrogen input. The treatment also supports economic returns through reduced nitrogen-related environmental and health costs.
A new study reveals that carefully controlled pore structure and surface chemistry can transform nuisance seaweed into an efficient and reusable CO2 adsorbent. Researchers developed a porous biochar from Sargassum tenerrimum, achieving high CO2 adsorption capacity and rapid uptake.
Researchers found that ultraviolet irradiation and ozonation increased anti-androgenic activity in treated wastewater, exceeding an effect-based risk threshold. The study suggests balancing pollutant removal efficiency with assessment of transformation products' combined biological effects.
Researchers developed a new approach called SHIFTERS that uses focused ultrasound to temporarily 'light up' solid tumors, giving cancer-fighting immune cells a target they can recognize. The technology allows doctors to control where and when treatment switches on, potentially making solid tumors easier to treat.
Researchers from USC-led study found that different epigenetic clocks capture distinct aspects of cellular aging, while introducing new gene-expression based clocks with stronger predictive power. These tools can better predict age-related disease and mortality by examining DNA methylation patterns and gene expression.
Researchers at KAIST create microscale chiral pinwheel arrays through self-assembly of achiral liquid-crystal molecules, enabling circularly polarized light with a desired rotation direction. This breakthrough simplifies the production of chiral optical materials, paving the way for next-generation displays and optical communications.
Researchers at Salk Institute develop novel 'dye-cycling' strategy to measure RNA polymerase movement along DNA with unprecedented lengths of time. This breakthrough provides critical mechanical insights into how genes are transcribed in cells, shedding light on the fundamental processes of life.
A substantial global study finds strong social connections are associated with better perceptions of overall mental and physical health. Childhood relationships also play a role in adult well-being, but adult friendships may be more influential.
A new study found that only 13 low-and middle-income countries offer full support for smokers to quit, leaving billions without access. Researchers recommend tailored quitting programmes and low-cost strategies like national quitlines, mobile health apps, and community health workers to expand support in resource-limited settings.
A study by Michigan State University found that individual demographic characteristics are more strongly associated with being childfree than state factors. California and Michigan have the highest percentages of childfree people, but reducing cost of living or changing abortion laws won't lead to an increase in births.
Researchers at Rice University found that gently squeezing a crystal of iron sulfide can change two of its unusual properties simultaneously: its tiny magnetic signal and the way electricity moves through it. This discovery gives scientists a clearer picture of how altermagnets work and suggests a simple way to control their behavior.
Researchers at Michigan State University identified a counter defense used by phages that helps them stay ahead of bacterial hosts. The discovery could lead to more effective phage therapies in response to the growing threat of antibiotic-resistant infections.
A new study surveyed 1,475 people on their attitudes towards antibiotic course length, finding that shorter courses are as effective and safer for pneumonia, but many people prefer longer courses due to misinformation. The study suggests more nuanced communication between doctors and patients is needed.
Research shows that integrating oral health screenings into prenatal clinic visits increases the likelihood of patients receiving dental care during pregnancy. A study at New York University found that scheduling immediate appointments and patient navigation both improved engagement with dental care, but scheduled appointments were mor...
Pregnant women with a history of child abuse experienced increased inflammation when exposed to mild stress, associated with greater pregnancy complications, including premature birth. Mindfulness exercises may help pregnant women improve their health and reduce harm from childhood trauma.
Researchers challenge traditional assumptions on synaptic potentiation and instead identify clustered patterns of connections as crucial for retaining long-term memories. Through artificial hibernation techniques, they discovered that small clusters of engram-engram synapses are preserved to enable accurate recall.
Researchers used fossilized leaf cells to recreate tree canopy of PETM, a period of global warming comparable to today's climate. The study found widespread browning of landscapes and reduced rainfall triggered by volcanic carbon release.
The new journal aims to include contributions from the quantum industry and explicitly address technological context, implementation challenges, and application pathways of reported work. Publishing with SPIE ensures researchers' work gains exceptional visibility and rigorous peer review.
A study published in PLOS Medicine found that socioeconomic inequalities are associated with reduced mobility and function in older adults, with poorer individuals experiencing larger declines in physical abilities. The research highlights the need for policies targeting people with less wealth to reduce health disparities in aging.
A study led by Dr. Geoffrey Preidis and Dr. Mary K. Estes found that providing isovalerate, a microbiota-derived metabolite, can improve gut barrier function in malnourished mice. This approach shows promise for developing a new treatment to prevent sepsis and death in malnourished children.
Researchers at the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute found that coral reefs on Panama's Pacific coast support 100 times more sharks than those in the Caribbean, despite heavy fishing pressure. The study suggests that ocean productivity should be considered when setting conservation targets to avoid overestimating shark populations.
A new study analyzing fossilized shark scales found that Pacific reefs naturally supported far more sharks than Caribbean reefs thousands of years ago. The research suggests that differences in ocean productivity have shaped shark populations over time, with Pacific reefs appearing more resilient to human impacts.
Researchers identified a brain circuit that enables comparison between current and previous sensory information to aid judgment. The pulvinar region in the thalamus provides advice on how much sensory information has changed, helping the brain make predictions about what's happening.
Researchers used a mouse model of artificial hibernation to examine the structural mechanisms underlying memory retention. They found that even after hippocampal activity dropped by 70% and more than half of synapses were eliminated, animals retained memories and recovered their original neural organization upon waking.
Prolonged greenhouse warming during the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum caused rapid forest thinning, reshaped plant communities, and reduced vegetation carbon storage. Modern forests may lose capacity to store carbon, accelerating climate change.
High-energy particle collision experiments using Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider confirm the baryon junction model over traditional three-quark picture. The study finds that baryon number is transported by gluon field rather than quarks alone, shedding light on proton's identity and matter organization in the Universe.
Researchers developed a new vaccination strategy that pairs mosquito-delivered parasites with antimalarial compounds, generating strong and durable immunity against malaria. The approach protected mice for up to two years, offering a potential 'vaccinate and boost naturally' method for prevention.
A study reveals weaknesses in farm sustainability monitoring, finding that one in four cocoa farm entries showed manipulated data. Auditors were more likely to make changes when aware of the target value required for certification, highlighting the need for independent verification.
Fossilized shark scales from Panama's Pacific and Caribbean coasts provide a window into ancient shark populations. The study reveals that the two regions once supported vastly different densities of sharks, with the Pacific coast having roughly 20 times more sharks than its Caribbean counterpart.
A Cornell University-led research group has devised a strategy for capturing cancer-specific protein-to-protein interactions using a photochemically driven labeling technique. They identified SLK as a driver of cancer in certain contexts, which can be co-opted by cancerous cells to drive growth.
The McCombs School of Business at the University of Texas at Austin has announced the renaming of its Master of Science in Business Analytics and Artificial Intelligence program to emphasize the central role of emerging technologies in the curriculum. The new name highlights the technical rigor and AI integration that distinguish these...
North Americans breathed unhealthy air for nearly 106 million person-days as Ontario wildfires exposed people on both sides of the border. Canada's slow fire season intensified within weeks, with Toronto recording the poorest air quality in the world.
Research at UT MD Anderson Cancer Center has identified biomarkers to identify patients with resectable NSCLC who benefit most from perioperative immunotherapy. The center also found that the composition of donor cord blood may influence CAR NK cell therapy outcomes.
A systematic review and meta-analysis found that hybrid digital mental health interventions can positively impact young people's emotional and behavioral well-being. The study highlighted the importance of embedding digital tools in supportive settings like schools to achieve sustainable benefits.
A recent study covering 46 countries found that smokers are largely unaware of the cardiovascular risks associated with smoking and second-hand smoke. This knowledge gap is particularly concerning given the high number of cardiovascular deaths worldwide linked to tobacco use.
The CEMDI-PAIMS Symposium brought together experts from materials science, AI, data science and engineering to accelerate the discovery of next-generation materials. Key findings include advances in computational modeling, artificial intelligence, and data-driven approaches for energy and environmental applications.
A new study found that European carnivorous mammals grew larger and more diverse in body mass after a global warming event, while their rivals remained diverse for millions of years. This suggests regional climate played a key role in determining who ruled as top predator, rather than universal competition.
Research shows that pressure measurements from smartphones can enhance hailstorm forecasts, outperforming traditional weather stations in some cases. The study aims to integrate smartphone data into forecast models for better early warnings and local-scale hazard capture.
A study by the Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ found that EU raw materials policy focuses on securing supplies rather than reducing consumption. Dominant narratives such as 'corporate competitiveness' and 'strategic autonomy' have shaped policy, sidelining alternatives like sufficiency and resource justice.
A new study has found evidence of potentially hazardous microbial growth on mummified human and animal remains sold online, posing risks to buyers. The analysis also highlighted non-compliance with postal regulations, putting delivery workers and others at risk. Stronger oversight is needed across online marketplaces and industries.
Researchers developed a new technique to study coupled multi-ion and electron transport in solids, revealing traditional diffusion models are insufficient. The tracer exchange method showed complexities such as nanoscale confinement and one-dimensional channels forcing ions to move in single file.
A Cornell University study found that passkeys can be more dangerous than traditional passwords for people targeted by intimate partner abuse. The researchers discovered that many participants struggled to identify and protect themselves from malicious use of their passkeys, highlighting the need for improved security measures.
Researchers identified subtle brain differences in children at increased risk of schizophrenia, even before symptoms emerge. The study suggests that early screening and personalized intervention strategies can help detect the disorder's progression.
Researchers use antibiotics to clarify RNAP function, discovering that the enzyme works only if a certain moving part briefly swings into place to stabilize RNA synthesis. The findings reveal a previously unknown mechanism of RNA synthesis shared across diverse forms of life.
Researchers found that older adults with multiple chronic conditions are less alike, raising questions about one-size-fits-all clinical recommendations. The study suggests basing guidelines on each person's unique multimorbidity rather than chronological age alone.
The Hastings Center Report examines the moral dimensions of family presence in patient suffering, including the value of witnessing a conscious patient's pain. The report also addresses the ethics of AI and psychiatry, including clinician reactions to absent families and the role-specific obligations of surrogate decision-makers.
Researchers have found evidence of two episodes of significant Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) intensification between 17,800 and 14,800 years ago. The study suggests that the AMOC may be more dynamic than previously thought, with potential consequences for global climate patterns.
A comparative study examines autologous pericranium and G-Patch grafts in cranial duraplasty, finding fewer complications with natural grafts but no significant difference. The study highlights the need for larger multicenter studies to determine comparative effectiveness.
A study found that dyadic coping partially explains the association between fear of cancer recurrence and depression among middle-aged and older survivors. The findings highlight the value of involving partners in psychological care to improve emotional well-being during cancer recovery.
A recent study reveals apricot's hidden genomic diversity by integrating chromosome-scale assemblies from domesticated and wild relatives. The research identifies millions of small variants and structural changes, shedding light on how distant lineages contribute to the gene pool and how transposable elements reshape regions near genes.
A UC Riverside-led study suggests that vanillin flavoring in e-cigarettes may disrupt the normal development of embryos in pregnant women who vape. Researchers found that high concentrations of vanillin can cause human embryonic stem cells to lose pluripotency and differentiate into endoderm, potentially leading to serious developmenta...
Studies in Pakistan's trauma registry found that traumatic brain injuries are associated with high death and disability rates long after the initial injury, even in moderate cases. Patients remain vulnerable during hospital discharge transition.
A new study by King's College London reveals that proposed new obesity definitions give greater insight into the ill health of metabolic bariatric surgery candidates compared to BMI. The study found marked variation in disease burden among patients considered for surgery, despite similar BMI.
Researchers developed an AI model that analyzes routine whole histopathology images to predict cancer subtype, genetic mutations, and survival outcomes across 32 solid cancers. The model achieved a strong predictive accuracy score for TP53 mutation detection and demonstrated the ability to infer RNA expression levels and tumor taxonomy.
Researchers found that lab variations can lead to inconsistent data, affecting AI model accuracy and reproducibility. The study highlights the importance of standardization in experimental design to improve data quality for machine learning models.
A new study by Bournemouth University found that 'pioneering pairs' of ospreys, which nest away from others, are key to driving population recovery. These birds create separate subpopulations and increase the speed of recovery for the species through long-distance dispersal.
A research team has computationally designed a synthetic peptide that enables modular detection of coronavirus 3CLPro enzymatic activity. The optimized peptide produced clear loss-of-signal or gain-of-signal responses corresponding to different 3CLPro expression levels, measuring protease activity rather than viral presence.
Researchers have found that Prevotella melaninogenica can survive in the presence of oxygen, challenging a long-held assumption about its obligate anaerobic nature. The study also reveals new insights into the bacteria's ability to consume oxygen and deal with oxidative stress.
The study proposes a public health agenda for AI to improve delivery of proven health interventions through patient identification, outreach, and care coordination. Government leadership, cross-sector partnerships, and sustained investment are essential for realizing this potential.
A study published in JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery found that preoperative chemo-immunotherapy was more effective than immunotherapy alone in reducing tumor size in patients with head and neck cancer. The study analyzed data from 86 adults with head and neck cancer treated between July 2024 and March 2026, and showed that pat...
A new study at Boston Medical Center found that a trauma-informed clinical guideline can reduce reflexive Child Protective Services reporting by 50% without compromising child safety. The study analyzed birth hospitalizations involving infants exposed prenatally to opioids and compared reporting rates to 17 other hospitals.
Eco-nanozymology enables effective modulation of biogeochemical cycles, including carbon fixation and nitrogen fixation, while achieving efficient environmental remediation and low-value biomass valorization. The framework has shown outstanding performance in various applications, including energy conversion and environmental remediation.
Researchers investigated adding iron to the ocean to boost CO2 removal, finding varying effects on marine ecosystems. The Southern Ocean offers a favorable balance of climate impact and ecological consequences, while other regions face more severe consequences.
Researchers identify AGR2 as a prognostic marker for NF-PanNETs, while FOXM1 is found to promote malignancy and proliferation. AGR2-high cells exhibit malignant features, including increased proliferative activity and metastasis-like signatures.
Researchers analyzed blood samples from 949 people over 50 in Nigeria and found unique protein profiles compared to a comparable group in Canada. The study suggests the need for globally applicable biomarkers to avoid misdiagnosis due to varying risk factors and environmental exposures across populations.
Researchers from NUS uncover a mechanism that helps cancer cells hide from the immune system by suppressing natural danger signals. Targeting this 'hidden switch', DDX6, could make tumours more visible to the immune system, improving existing or new immunotherapies.
Scientists struggle to define fungal age due to the complex life cycle of fungi, which can live for hundreds to thousands of years. Leveraging new technologies like 'fungi-on-a-chip' and genetic tracking may provide unprecedented insights into fungal longevity.
Researchers have developed a potential new approach against the highly drug-resistant hospital fungus Candida auris. A synthetic sugar molecule that corresponds to a component of the fungus's surface has been identified as a promising basis for a vaccine, protective antibodies, and a rapid diagnostic test.
A team of computer scientists at the University of California San Diego developed a device that can take over communications between two key flight computers on a Boeing 737 by plugging into an unused maintenance port. This attack can be carried out in under 60 seconds, posing a significant risk to aviation security.
Historical data analyzed reveals the famous flood of 1342 was part of a 16-flood event series lasting almost two years. This study provides insights for modern flood protection strategies, highlighting the need to anticipate multiple major floods in quick succession.
Researchers developed a flexible microsystem to deliver light directly to internal cancer treatment sites, overcoming the limitation of traditional PDT. The system, powered wirelessly and containing tiny light-emitting components, shows promising results in laboratory tests, paving the way for more precise and effective cancer treatments.
A national study found that about half of prostate cancer patients receiving focal therapy fell outside the recommended patient groups, highlighting the need for evidence-based treatment decisions. The study emphasizes the importance of understanding which patients are most likely to benefit from promising new treatments.
Scientists have discovered how certain DNA repair enzymes preferentially target specific genetic sequences, leading to the accumulation of mutations in vulnerable regions. This understanding has implications for cancer development and the evolutionary process.
A systematic review of 68 studies finds varied psychological responses to collective trauma, with exposure intensity and social circumstances playing key roles. Social connection also offers protective benefits.
Active surveillance for favorable-risk prostate cancer increased significantly in the Veterans Affairs healthcare system, with high rates among low-risk and intermediate-risk patients. This trend suggests that many veterans are avoiding unnecessary treatment, but disparities in care persist.
A retrospective cohort study of 16,924 men found metabolic syndrome and related abnormalities during the first year of treatment. Hypertension was the most common metabolic outcome among patients receiving concurrent androgen deprivation therapy and an androgen receptor pathway inhibitor.
A randomized clinical trial of 698 patients with localized intermediate-risk prostate cancer found that stereotactic body radiotherapy was not superior to moderately hypofractionated IMRT for disease-free survival at 3 years. However, SBRT showed better bowel-related quality of life compared to IMRT.
A cohort study of 1,582,834 veterans with MDD found that most received recommended treatment, but there was an increasing trend in the proportion who did not. This highlights the need to investigate potential undertreatment and examine mental health service availability that influences treatment selection decisions.
This retrospective study examines patterns and trends of focal therapy for nonmetastatic prostate cancer in US cancer centers. Focal therapy procedures remained uncommon, occurring mostly in low-, high-, or very-high-risk disease settings.
A cross-sectional study found that exposure to Agent Orange and open-air burn pits were independently associated with poorer mental and physical health outcomes among US veterans. The study highlights the need for continued support and resources for veterans affected by these toxic exposures.
A new study found that the majority of veterans with low-risk prostate cancer pursued active surveillance in 2024, up from 27% in 2005. The study followed over 73,000 veterans and showed similar survival outcomes for surveillance compared to treatment.
Researchers found that astrocyte shape and molecular characteristics vary across brain regions, influencing their distinct roles. The study reveals that the Nfix gene coordinates two parallel pathways involving GABA, which is essential for astrocyte-neuron communication, and its absence impairs memory consolidation.
A retrospective cohort study found that patients treated with aripiprazole had a lower risk of hyponatremia than those on olanzapine. This association could inform clinical decision-making for high-risk patients, despite residual confounding considerations.
Research found that six sets of 30-second sprints altered nearly a quarter of proteins in the bloodstream, while 90 minutes of moderate cycling changed fewer than one-quarter of one percent. Sprinting triggered changes in more than 200 metabolites and was associated with lower risk of cardiovascular and metabolic disease.
A longitudinal study of Reddit posts since 2022 reveals that trust in generative AI is generally higher than distrust, with 31% of posts expressing trust and 26% expressing distrust. The study's findings suggest that attitudes toward AI have remained divided over the past four years.
Researchers propose a new air-electrode design principle that improves reversible solid oxide cell performance by balancing ionic and electronic conductivity. The composite air electrode enhances fuel-cell and electrolysis performance, enabling more efficient hydrogen production with lower costs.
Researchers developed a single fiber that can generate electricity while detecting hazardous gases, like hydrogen sulfide. The device achieved a power conversion efficiency of 7.16%, demonstrating potential applications in smart clothing, industrial safety monitoring, and next-generation IoT sensors.
Researchers developed Latent Seal, a watermarking framework that integrates image watermarks into latent diffusion models. The approach helps identify AI-generated content and support copyright verification without degrading image quality. Tests show the method remains accurate after common edits and distortions.
A randomized controlled trial on levidex, a digital health application, has shown clinically significant improvement in disease-specific quality of life for people with multiple sclerosis. The study found that levidex improved MS-specific quality of life, depressive symptoms, and social functioning in participants.
Researchers develop ultra-sodiophilic mixed conductor interphase that allows for uniform top deposition in quasi-solid-state sodium-metal batteries, overcoming limitations of traditional artificial solid electrolyte interphases. This breakthrough enables long-lasting and high-performance batteries with enhanced safety and energy density.
Researchers developed a hydrated network interphase with dynamic negatively charged microregions, overcoming limitations of conventional stabilization methods. The HNI strategy achieves triple synergistic regulation of Zn deposition, leading to improved cycling stability and high-performance energy storage systems.
A GPS tracking study found that invasive barred owls consistently occupy the tallest, oldest, and most complex stands of forest, threatening spotted owls' habitats. Managing barred owl populations reopens habitat for spotted owls to reclaim, conservatively estimating over 1,800 square kilometers of restored habitat.
A Finnish study found that habitual coffee consumption is associated with healthier body composition, lower visceral fat, and greater skeletal muscle mass. In both men and women, higher coffee consumption was linked to lower circulating levels of branched-chain amino acids, a key biomarker for insulin resistance.
A study maps how antibodies target a key region of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, neutralizing the virus, and how emerging variants escape. Researchers identified three immune escape strategies: disruption, glycan shielding, and conformational remodeling.
A new study found that moderate self-disclosure in online dating profiles creates a more favorable impression and leads to greater romantic interest. The 'Goldilocks principle' suggests that not too little or too much information is ideal, striking the right balance between openness and curiosity.
Researchers at Fraunhofer Institute offer new perspectives on quantum advantage, considering open system dynamics and dissipative processes. The study examines the scalability of Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) for large problem sizes, demonstrating potential advantages over classical methods.
UCF researcher Mollie Jewett aims to 'starve' Borrelia burgdorferi of nutrients to prevent Lyme disease spread. Her team is focused on targeting the bacteria's ability to consume riboflavin, a key nutrient for its survival.
The foundation named 14 new Damon Runyon Fellows, providing them with independent funding to investigate cancer causes, mechanisms, therapies, and prevention. The fellows aim to pursue breakthroughs in cancer prevention, diagnostics, and therapeutics.
A new paradigm addresses challenges in distributed acoustic sensing by combining physical models with AI-driven generative modeling and denoising. The framework achieves high accuracy in fault diagnosis and event recognition, opening up scalable and precise acoustic monitoring for industrial safety and infrastructure applications.
Researchers develop AI framework to optimize CMOS LNA designs, reducing power consumption by 62% and improving linearity. The framework increases successful circuit simulations by nearly doubling the rate under foundry design constraints.
A new study from Washington State University found that Robinhood users prefer simple stocks with high idiosyncratic volatility, which outperformed more complex firms. The preference for simplicity persisted across all comparisons, regardless of firm size or complexity measures.
The updated guideline provides evidence-based recommendations on radiation therapy for adult patients with pancreatic cancer, clarifying its role in various settings. It recommends radiation therapy for patients with resectable, locally advanced, and metastatic disease, as well as those with recurrent or palliative needs.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory created the first cross-species brain map to link mouse and marmoset regions. The study found that 43% of mouse brain regions match with marmoset regions, shedding light on human brain function and potential disease insights.
Research from Washington University School of Medicine identifies brain differences tied to sensory distress, often linked to anxiety and autism. Sensory over-responsivity is connected to anxiety in both children with autism and those without, but not directly related to ADHD.
Researchers developed a new therapeutic that targets cancer cells without harming healthy ones, significantly shrinking tumors in mice. The treatment, Pro-LYTAC, is activated within tumor cells and directed to lysosomes for degradation, restoring immune recognition of cancer cells.
By focusing on the specific regions of antibodies responsible for recognizing disease targets, the AI model improved binding affinity prediction and required fewer computational resources. This approach is similar to human-language AI models, where smaller domain-specific models trained on high-quality data can outperform larger ones.
A new study reveals that animals and microorganisms work together to break down microbial PHAs, providing a previously overlooked way for animal food webs to access carbon. This discovery opens a new perspective on interactions between microorganisms and animals, highlighting the importance of studying unusual organisms.
Researchers from Utrecht University found that the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation's (AMOC) stability depends on how fast the climate is changing. Slow warming allows the ocean to adapt, while fast warming triggers a collapse around +2°C of warming.
Researchers developed a platform to screen nearly all human genome genes, linking disruption of individual genes to improved genetic outcomes in human cells. The top two genes, GJB2 and BET1L, were found to improve editing efficiency by more than six times when knocked out.
A study published in Nature Communications identified a language-specific brain network that can be detected even when the person is at rest or performing a task unrelated to language. The researchers used data from over 1,900 fMRI scans and found that this network spans the left hemisphere frontal and temporal regions of the brain.
A study reveals that environmental responsibility boosts corporate financial performance by increasing sales, especially for large companies after COVID-19. Stronger environmental performance generates higher sales leading to improved returns on assets and equity.
A team of researchers from Institute of Science Tokyo has developed a novel, one-step synthesis method for producing highly active nickel-cerium oxide catalysts. These catalysts achieve outstanding methanation performance while being suitable for large-scale production, offering a practical route toward carbon-neutral fuel technologies.
A coral-inspired 3D-printed scaffold reprograms immune cells to promote angiogenesis and bone regeneration, shifting macrophages from inflammatory M1 state to reparative M2 state. The scaffold also enhances angiogenesis, new bone formation, and reconstruction of bone defects.
Liver injuries from xenobiotics increased by nearly 400% between 2000 and 2024, with acetaminophen being the top driver. More than 80% of cases required inpatient care, highlighting the importance of poison centers in toxico-surveillance.
Researchers at Graz University of Technology developed design guidelines for batteries in electric vehicles to increase safety, make repairs easier, and improve sustainability. The new designs facilitate recycling and reuse of damaged cells, reducing waste and conserving resources.
A novel robot, BioflexBot, successfully mimics fundamental hand motions and exceeds human performance in precision and range of mobility. The BioflexBot can grasp complex objects, reach long distances, and deliver objects in confined spaces.
A new study provides compelling evidence that cynodonts, an ancestor of true mammals, may have been viviparous, giving birth to live young. The discovery sheds light on the reproductive mode of early mammalian ancestors and raises questions about other evolutionary traits.
Researchers at Osaka Metropolitan University found that a mitochondrial fusion protein called OPA1 plays a crucial role in regulating appetite and body weight. Mice lacking this protein exhibited increased food intake and age-related weight gain, highlighting the importance of OPA1 in maintaining energy metabolism.
New research finds increasing nanoparticle binding strength promotes stronger and more durable immune responses in mice. By fine-tuning molecular structures, researchers aim to create better vaccines for long-term HIV protection.
Researchers have developed bismuth electrodes that selectively pull magnesium ions from seawater, increasing the element's concentration by eight-fold and its selectivity over sodium ions. The electrochemical approach could be more sustainable and less expensive than current methods, with estimated costs of $107 per ton.
Researchers studied two closely related fish species in Lake Tanganyika, finding that they share the same preferences for simple choices but diverge when faced with complex decisions. The blue featherfin makes rapid, decisive choices based on one feature, while the golden featherfin takes longer to decide and considers multiple features.
Exposure to a mild strain of Streptococcus pyogenes (Strep A) triggers the body's immune response and builds protection against future infections. This natural immunity mechanism may also apply to other common infections, offering new insights into prevention and treatment strategies.
Researchers developed a learning-based navigation system that adapts to changing environments and optimizes sensor fusion. The system uses a quantitative belief state to evaluate the reliability of each sensor, feeding this information into a decision agent that dynamically adjusts fusion strategies.
A recent study with 100 pairs of mice found that elite athleticism does not shorten lifespan or limit reproductive success. The researchers observed that high runner mice bred for extraordinary distance running had no reduced reproductive success or lifespan compared to regular mice.
Research found that severe mental illnesses like schizophrenia and bipolar disorder can lead to preventable physical diseases, reducing life expectancy by up to 20 years. Patients often develop multiple chronic conditions affecting different systems, emphasizing the need for holistic treatment approaches.
A new study by NUS Medicine tracked the professor's physiological changes over time, introducing a personalized regimen of fasting, exercise, and nutrition. The DELTA study found significant improvements and challenges traditional approaches to health monitoring, focusing on function rather than static markers.
Researchers use LEO satellites to improve BeiDou-3 Navigation Satellite System (BDS-3) orbit and clock products, cutting positioning time by up to 79.2% and enhancing tracking coverage to over 99%. The approach also accelerates precise point positioning with five LEO satellites.
Scientists have developed a new synergistic metallization strategy for TOPCon solar cells, achieving a certified power conversion efficiency of 26.31%. The approach reduces optical shading and contact resistance losses, boosting the short-circuit current density to a record high.
A new study finds that the world's growing solar panel waste could deliver significant economic benefits if recycled properly. Researchers estimate that global PV waste will reach 297-402 million tonnes by 2060, containing valuable materials like silicon and metals.
A new sparse coding method reduces storage and transmission costs for high-precision Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) atmospheric corrections. The approach preserves accuracy while minimizing computational resources, making it suitable for global deployment in remote areas.
New research reveals that stricter vehicle standards are changing the composition of exhaust, with more toxic oxygenated compounds released. This shift highlights the importance of considering individual VOC species in future emissions regulations.
A study published in Human Reproduction found that vanillin, a common flavoring chemical in e-cigarettes, can disrupt the normal development of embryos in pregnant women who vape. High concentrations of vanillin caused cells to lose pluripotency and differentiate into endoderm, potentially leading to serious developmental issues.
The KAIST research team has successfully developed a new, eco-friendly hydrogen separation membrane that filters hydrogen through a molecular network. The membrane achieved a high bridge connectivity degree of 73% and showed significant improvements in hydrogen permeability and selectivity.
A meta-analysis of nearly 1,900 studies found that climbing stairs significantly reduces the risk of dying from cardiovascular disease. Regular stair climbing was associated with lower risks of heart-related problems and major cardiovascular conditions such as heart attack, stroke, and heart failure.
A meta-analysis of four randomised controlled trials involving 2,944 adults with intracerebral haemorrhage found that intensive blood pressure-lowering reduced recurrent stroke risk by 38%. The treatment strategy was consistent across all studies, with no observed increase in serious adverse events.
Men are more likely to be infected with TB due to increased exposure to the bacteria over their lifetime. Despite this, they were not significantly more likely to develop active TB disease compared to women.
A team of scientists, led by Wladimir Lyra at New Mexico State University, propose a new mechanism for forming massive planets around supermassive black holes. Computer simulations show how these planets can grow to sizes comparable to those of stars, potentially igniting nuclear fusion.
Long-term straw incorporation improves soil organic carbon by activating two mechanisms: physical protection in stable aggregates and chemical stabilization via iron-organic carbon associations. Straw return strengthens soil structure, promoting longer-term carbon storage.
A new Yale-led study reveals that extreme weather events are limiting where bird species can exist and affecting biodiversity estimates for over 500 North American bird species. The research found that accounting for variable and extreme weather conditions is crucial for understanding the distribution of biodiversity and its change.
Researchers found that Indigenous land restitution empowers communities to influence land use, but may not automatically yield environmental benefits. The study revealed that traditional land uses like pasturage increased, while non-native forest plantations decreased in restituted lands.
Researchers developed a fishbone-derived catalyst that turns low-density polyethylene agricultural film into olefin-rich liquid products with yields up to 89.32 wt.% and olefin selectivity of 84.03%. The catalyst, combined with phosphoric acid and iron, promotes carbon-carbon bond cleavage and regulates dehydrogenation reactions.