Brightsurf delivers daily science news discoveries, articles, and the latest scientific breakthroughs. Your trusted source for science news today, covering nature news, science & technology, and scientific discoveries from leading research institutions worldwide.
Researchers used advanced modelling to identify key losses in perovskite/CIGS tandems, proposing a three-step optimization strategy to reach theoretical potential. The study also considered real-world operating conditions and found the devices maintain high efficiency under diffuse light and varying temperatures.
New European Society of Cardiology Atlas data highlights persistent inequalities in cardiovascular risk, outcomes, and access to care across Europe. The study emphasizes the need for targeted policy action to reduce health disparities and improve prevention.
Researchers found that smoking substantially stiffens human lung parenchyma, making breathing progressively difficult. The study provides detailed mechanical data for human lungs, which may improve ventilator design and surgical planning tools.
A new study from Reichman University found that an AI-based conversational support platform can significantly reduce symptoms of anxiety and depression. The platform, called Kai, was able to form a meaningful therapeutic alliance with users, providing round-the-clock emotional support.
Researchers at Stanford University have developed a new approach called MIDAS, which enables the creation and testing of proteins in just 24 hours. This eliminates the need for labor-intensive cloning processes, allowing for faster and more cost-effective evaluation of protein variants.
A study by Iwate University and Nagoya University found that domestic cats respond more reliably to silver vine than to catnip when given the choice. Cats exhibited rubbing and rolling behavior towards silver vine in both free-choice outdoor experiments and captive laboratory tests, while responding less consistently to catnip.
The American Heart Association launches an initiative to address critical gaps in emergency communication systems nationwide. The program aims to foster the best use of technology and improve care for patients experiencing cardiac arrest or strokes.
Researchers precisely dated an eruption from Newberry Volcano, discovering its ash spread over 5,000 km globally, posing significant risks. The study highlights the importance of understanding past eruptions and their hazards for disaster response management.
The article explores how Busseiron became an 'umbrella discipline' incorporating various topics related to matter. Despite debates over its structure, the term endured due to its widespread acceptance and legitimized by contentious discussions.
The new center aims to make mobility systems more sustainable and efficient by leveraging AI, autonomy, digital infrastructure, and data-driven decision-making. Stanford faculty members across five schools are affiliated with the center, which will be funded through corporate partnerships.
Researchers at Georgia Tech have developed a new form of NAND flash memory that can withstand extreme radiation levels, making it ideal for deep space missions. The technology uses ferroelectricity and is up to 30 times more radiation-resilient than current data storage.
A study led by University of Arizona researchers found that azithromycin did not improve symptoms in preschool children with severe wheezing. The trial results challenge the idea that certain types of bacteria contribute to wheezing and asthma, suggesting that viral infections play a more significant role.
Researchers have developed CRAC channel inhibitory binders that can selectively interfere with STIM-ORAI communication, reducing calcium entry through CRAC channels. This may help restore thrombocyte progenitor production and improve treatment outcomes for Stormorken syndrome patients.
Researchers found little consistency in prior authorization rules from Aetna, Humana, and UnitedHealthcare, highlighting a fragmented system that may contribute to administrative burden. Assembling these rules into a shared database is feasible and could improve transparency for patients and clinicians.
A cross-temporal meta-analysis of loneliness studies in Japan found a substantial increase in loneliness over the past 40 years. Loneliness was particularly pronounced among adolescents and women, coinciding with changes in social indicators such as marriage rates and GDP.
A new study examines how financial resources, institutional support, and AI-enabled innovation help construction SMEs achieve sustainable competitive advantage. Green product innovation fully mediates the relationship between financial resources and sustainability performance.
Researchers discovered that agricultural azoles induce cross-resistance to medical antifungals in Candida tropicalis by forming aneuploid karyotypes. This study highlights the critical role of agricultural azoles in clinical antifungal resistance and underscores the need for antifungal stewardship.
The US Naval Research Laboratory has launched the Glowbug-2 instrument to identify and localize cataclysmic cosmic events known as short gamma-ray bursts (GRB). The mission provides essential data for multi-messenger astrophysics, serving as a critical electromagnetic counterpart to ground-based gravitational wave observatories.
Researchers at North Carolina State University developed a nondestructive technique to collect cellular material from historical parchment manuscripts without damaging them. This allows for genetic analyses that provide new insights into past cultural and agricultural practices.
A study by Oregon Health & Science University found that state-level abortion bans in the US are associated with a reduction in evidence-based medical care for miscarriage management. This has led to more women waiting longer for treatment and fewer choices, potentially putting their health and fertility at risk.
A recent study by CityUHK researchers found that companies intentionally withhold complex information from foreign investors while emphasizing accounting details in English. This 'differential communication' strategy creates a structural disadvantage for international stakeholders, affecting their investment decisions and forecasts.
A nationwide trial found that giving whole blood or its component parts to patients with severe bleeding before arriving at the hospital is equally effective. The study, which included over 1,000 patients, also showed no difference in outcomes between newer and older blood within a certain time frame.
A Spanish clinical trial demonstrates the potential of mesenchymal stem cells to reduce inflammation in Recessive Dystrophic Epidermolysis Bullosa (RDEB) patients, also known as 'butterfly skin'. The treatment showed improved symptoms like pruritus, sleep disturbances, and fatigue after receiving infusions.
Researchers are developing a multi-organ model on a chip to study the complex interactions between organs, hormones, and cells in diabetes and dementia. The GlucoBrain project aims to understand how signals move between the brain, gut, and pancreas, potentially leading to new treatments for millions affected by these diseases.
A new study estimates that corn diseases cost US farmers $13.8 billion from 2020 to 2023, resulting in reduced yields of 2.5 billion bushels. The top disease-causing pathogens were tar spot, Fusarium stalk rot, and plant-parasitic nematodes.
A new study by Tohoku University researchers has identified dopamine dysfunction as a previously unrecognized mechanism underlying memory impairment in Alzheimer's disease. The discovery may lead to the development of targeted therapies to restore cognitive function and potentially reverse cognitive decline.
A new statistical approach used in Alzheimer's disease trials may exaggerate the link between amyloid reduction and cognitive benefits of new drugs. Researchers found that combining large groups of patients can hide variability and make it appear as if reducing amyloid is more predictive of cognitive benefit than it actually is.
A pilot study discovered over 100 different algae species in German farmland, with blue-green and green algae prevalent during summer, and yellow-green algae during spring and autumn. The research highlights the importance of soil algae in maintaining soil health and fertility.
Dr. Lauren B. Gerlach has made significant contributions to health services and aging research, particularly in the area of medication safety and prescribing practices for older adults with dementia. Her work aims to support safer, more person-centered care.
Researchers compared two prevalent MS models to identify specific scenarios where one model is better suited for studying myelin loss and regeneration. The study analyzed preclinical models alongside human MS tissue samples, revealing genetic changes and insights into disease progression.
The study found that visual occlusion triggers brain compensation characterized by enhanced functional connectivity between the right precentral and middle frontal gyri. Walking activates multiple sensorimotor pathways to support basic locomotion, and visual occlusion further strengthens this connection as a compensatory mechanism.
Polyendocrine Ovarian Syndrome (PMOS) impacts 13% of women, causing hormonal imbalance, insulin resistance, and chronic pain. Lifestyle interventions, particularly diet and exercise, show benefits for physical and mental health outcomes.
A new study reveals that almost three-quarters of Brazil's federal nature reserves lack adequate funding, with the Amazon facing significant financial shortfalls. The analysis highlights the need for increased resources and long-term financial planning to support conservation efforts.
Researchers developed a novel mouse model that mirrors the human disease, revealing molecular mechanisms underlying geleophysic dysplasia. The model replicates severe symptoms, including short stature, heart valve alterations, and early lethality, facilitating the identification of potential therapeutic targets.
Researchers found that butyrate alleviates TMJ pain by reversing epigenetic and gene regulatory pathways in the brain. The study identified key genes and mechanisms involved in pain-related molecular pathways, providing new insights into the biological mechanisms of TMJ pain.
For at least 1,000 years, early herders in eastern Africa continued to fish, hunt, and gather alongside livestock, revealing a diverse diet that varied greatly from person to person. This strategy likely helped them adapt to a changing environment and ensured survival.
A national study found a sharp increase in leucovorin prescriptions among children with autism following media coverage and White House promotion. Researchers urge caution due to limited large-scale evidence, highlighting the need for rigorous data to inform treatment decisions.
This review synthesizes recent progress in rice grain size and nutritional quality, identifying key signaling pathways and regulatory mechanisms. Strategic approaches, including genome editing and precision design, can improve yield while enhancing nutritional value for human health.
Researchers at Ohio State University have discovered that dust can be used to track viral outbreaks in indoor settings. The team identified 54 distinct viruses, including SARS-CoV-2 and influenza, using a novel sequencing technique. This method has the potential to provide quick and high-resolution insights into what is happening withi...
A new science advisory calls for coordinated international efforts to reduce disparities in care for children with Kawasaki disease, a rare but serious illness primarily affecting young children. The advisory highlights the importance of sharing data, expertise, and best practices to improve heart health outcomes for children with Kawa...
Researchers at the University of Cincinnati found that embedding addiction treatment into primary care training clinics can expand access to care and boost physician confidence. The study showed marked improvements in resident education outcomes, including increased confidence in diagnosing and treating substance use disorders.
Davis Joseph's groundbreaking discovery identifies three universal cancer types based on protein and RNA malfunction, paving the way for an organ-agnostic treatment. The research also developed a unified apoptosis network flowsheet, comprising approximately 100 pathways, which can be applied to various cancers.
A national poll reveals that most parents value private conversations between teens and healthcare providers during checkups, but few actually provide such opportunities. Experts suggest that these barriers can hinder young people from seeking care for sensitive issues like mental health and reproductive health.
Scientists have identified a new drug target for treating Fragile X syndrome by blocking the EPAC2 brain protein, which improves abnormal brain activity and behavioral symptoms. The study uses genetically engineered mice to simulate the condition and finds that EPAC2 levels rise gradually as the brain matures.
China lacks a dedicated regulatory framework for phage therapy, but recent policy signals encourage development of standards and approval pathways. A three-pillared approach recommends national quality guidelines, phase-appropriate GMP pilot programs, clear product classification, and regional centers with reimbursement mechanisms.
Pregnancy-related cardiovascular complications account for 20-30% of maternal deaths in the US. Researchers analyzed claims data to find that underlying cardiovascular risk drives these events, rather than older age. This may encourage doctors to address cardiovascular health before pregnancy.
Three new species of rodent-like mammals discovered in ancient Arctic, showing unique adaptations to survive extreme conditions. Their ancestors migrated from modern-day Mongolia, suggesting a land bridge between Asia and North America existed 92 million years ago.
Researchers developed an innovative hydrogel called Amniogel to support insulin-producing cells after transplantation, achieving normal blood sugar levels in diabetic mice for at least 100 days. This breakthrough opens the door to developing a bioartificial pancreas that could eliminate the need for insulin injections.
Researchers have developed a potent and selective small-molecule inverse agonist targeting the itch receptor MRGPRX4, providing a new strategy for treating cholestatic itch. The compound HEP-50768 showed efficacy in animal studies and demonstrated good drug-like properties and safety profiles.
Researchers from the University of Tokyo developed SplashTune, a gamified rainfall–runoff model that simulates water movement and environmental effects on river flow. The interactive tool improves students' self-reported understanding of complex flood processes, including soil moisture and land use impact.
Researchers identified 27 established patterns of corporate capture, including narrative capture and elusion of law, in news stories around global AI events. Big AI companies use tactics like deregulation and revolving doors to undermine regulation and enforcement.
A new study from UC San Diego found that poorer sleep quality is associated with greater memory difficulties and more Alzheimer's-related brain changes in older women with a higher genetic risk. The study suggests that improving sleep could become a target for future Alzheimer's prevention strategies.
A systematic review and meta-analysis found that creatine supplementation does not significantly reduce inflammatory markers in the body. Despite its ergogenic effects on physical performance, creatine's anti-inflammatory properties are limited to specific contexts, such as intense exercise.
Researchers discovered that mezigdomide can reinvigorate exhausted T cells and enhance immunotherapies. The drug works by degrading key gene regulators Ikaros and Aiolos, which sustain genetic and epigenetic programs keeping T cells in an exhausted state.
The resonant trident process is theoretically studied for ultrarelativistic electrons and positrons in a strong circularly polarized wave. The study reveals two characteristic quantum energies, Compton effect energy and Breit-Wheeler energy, which determine the probability of a resonant process.
A post hoc analysis of a randomized clinical trial found high-dose vitamin D3 supplementation in pregnancy to be positively associated with visual memory, verbal memory, and flexibility among offspring at age 10. This strengthens evidence on the association between prenatal vitamin D exposure and childhood cognition.
KAIST researchers have identified a neural circuit that switches between past and recent memories, allowing the brain to select necessary information. The study suggests that specific brain rhythms and states are crucial for effective memory retrieval, with longer online states leading to better recall of recent memories.
A new study highlights how green product innovation and digital marketing strategies are essential for strengthening sustainable marketing performance among Generation Z consumers. Green brand image plays a critical mediating role between eco-innovation, digital strategy, and sustainable marketing outcomes.
Researchers analyzed brain tissue from MSA patients and found that the immune cells known as microglia appear to be exhausted or dysfunctional in later stages of the disease. The study suggests that an overactive immune system may contribute to the development of MSA, providing a potential target for future treatment.
A reanalysis of 14 years of Hubble data suggests that Europa's water vapor plumes may not exist as previously thought. The study, led by SwRI scientists, found reduced confidence in the original findings, and improved information on neutral hydrogen atom emissions from Europa's surface.