Brightsurf delivers daily science news discoveries, articles, and the latest scientific breakthroughs. Your trusted source for science news today, covering nature news, science & technology, and scientific discoveries from leading research institutions worldwide.
Researchers found that Gracixalus weii treefrog's call is similar to a bird-like chirp of the Black-Breasted Thrush, highlighting the evolution of acoustic symbols in amphibians influenced by ecological interactions with birds. This phenomenon provides a reliable alternative to morphological or molecular diagnosis for cryptic species
Subway systems are consistently reporting thermal discomfort due to the rising heat, with complaints increasing by 10-27% for every 1 degree Celsius above 10 degrees Celsius in Boston, New York, and London respectively. The study aims to help transit agencies anticipate extreme heat and implement targeted mitigation strategies.
Researchers developed a method to use PFAS to extract lithium from high-salinity brine pools, reducing environmental damage and costs. The process, which uses electrothermal heating, recovers 82% of lithium fluoride at 99% purity, outperforming traditional methods in terms of energy efficiency and water usage.
A research team has made a breakthrough in breeding winter-hardy faba beans, an ancient crop high in protein and nitrogen-fixing ability. The team identified a single gene that distinguishes between winter and summer varieties, offering a sustainable alternative to soy in Europe and accelerating the breeding of robust winter field beans.
A study found that radiologists who reviewed imaging tests twice after AI flagged them as abnormal were 53% less likely to be held liable in court compared to those who reviewed once. This suggests that changes to radiologist workflow could reduce legal risk, but may also come with increased costs.
A new biotech company, Ibnova Therapeutics, will accelerate treatments for heart disease through cellular therapies, backed by Australian and Danish partnerships. The company aims to conduct human clinical trials within three to five years.
A UNIGE study shows that connected devices can gather valuable data to help prevent neurological and mental disorders. The study found that AI-analysed data from smartwatch and smartphone data can accurately predict emotional and cognitive fluctuations, with error rates ranging from 5-20%.
Researchers at ETH Zurich have developed a new boron-based coupling method that enables the rapid production of key proteins for cancer therapies, overcoming the concentration barrier in chemical protein synthesis. This breakthrough allows for the creation of new peptide and protein medications, as well as unnatural amino acids with sp...
Researchers at OIST identified 80 plasma membrane repair proteins in budding yeast, revealing a coordinated sequence of molecular events. The study provides a foundation for investigating plasma membrane repair mechanisms in higher eukaryotes, including human cells.
Emerging research across conceptual frameworks, biomarker science, digital phenotyping, and artificial intelligence synthesizes a translational pathway toward a more biologically grounded and clinically useful approach to psychiatric diagnosis. The current system falls short due to standardized clinical language and lack of biological ...
Researchers mapped GLP-1 expression in 25 brain regions in each sex, uncovering striking differences in key circuits. The atlas reveals sex-biased expression in certain medullary nuclei, with higher Glp1 densities and numbers of Glp1-expressing neurons in females compared to males.
A new study found that voluntary exercise reshapes the gut microbiota, leading to changes in tryptophan metabolism and serotonin signaling. Exercise decreased the relative abundance of certain bacterial genera, shifting neuroactive signaling and lowering a key receptor in the memory center of the brain.
Researchers have successfully reconstructed videos from mouse brain activity, allowing them to understand how the brain processes visual information. By analyzing the neural activity in the visual cortex, the team created high-quality reconstructions of 10-second video clips, revealing the brain's representation of visual cues.
A mini-review synthesizes large-scale genomic findings to illuminate the polygenic architecture underlying common epilepsies. Rare genetic variants contribute to epilepsy risk, with shared biological pathways involving ion channel function and synaptic excitability
A new study suggests that chemical weathering beneath thick continental ice sheets may have consumed atmospheric carbon dioxide and prolonged global glaciations during the snowball Earth event. This process could have slowed atmospheric warming and delayed deglaciation, helping to explain the long durations of some snowball Earth events.
Researchers developed the Simplified Adolescent Factors for Endometriosis (SAFE) score, a 5-minute questionnaire to identify at-risk patients and fast-track specialist referrals. The test aims to reduce the average 6-8 year diagnostic delay, allowing for early treatment and improved quality of life.
A new study reveals that early breast cancer cells use intense mechanical pressure to their advantage, hijacking a sensor to multiply rapidly and migrate away from the primary tumour. The pressure also triggers a series of signals that promote aggressive behaviour in cancer cells, leaving a lasting mechanical memory.
Researchers developed an antibody test for Mpox that accurately identifies those with infection and vaccine-derived antibodies, helping authorities prioritize vaccine use and study disease transmission. The test, validated in Rwanda, uses only four key antibody signatures to ensure affordability and accessibility.
Researchers at Scripps Research have developed a blood-based approach that examines protein shape in the bloodstream, distinguishing cognitively normal individuals from those with Alzheimer's and mild cognitive impairment with high accuracy. The new test could help move diagnosis and intervention to an earlier stage.
A team of researchers achieved efficient bicarbonate-mediated integrated carbon dioxide capture and electrolysis to produce CO, reducing energy consumption and improving process performance. The new process couples CO2 capture with electrocatalytic conversion, enabling a closed-loop cycle.
A study from the University of Oregon found that virtual reality games can increase players' sense of altruism and influence levels of empathy. Participants in the game 'Empathy in Action' showed higher ratings of cognitive empathy but a decline in affective empathy, suggesting that players may feel motivated to help without directly e...
A team of researchers discovered that SYFO2, a poorly studied protein, plays a key role in the 'self-fertilization' of legumes by enabling rhizobia to enter root cells. This breakthrough could lead to more efficient nitrogen-fixing abilities in crops.
Researchers have developed an index to measure the health of mangrove soils, revealing that healthy mangroves provide ecosystem services at nearly maximum capacity. The Soil Health Index (SHI) helps managers set conservation and restoration priorities, providing a tool to monitor ecosystem restoration and recovery.
Perennial crops offer a promising solution to collective challenges, investing more energy into root systems, allowing for regeneration and persistence. This approach minimizes climate-warming emissions, producing diverse food sources while maintaining soil health and resilience.
The Global Virus Network has established its International Headquarters at the University of South Florida, bringing together leading virologists to advance research and pandemic preparedness. The partnership accelerates the path from discovery to real-world impact, improving global health.
Online spaces provide bodily comfort, relief, and inclusion for some autistic adults, allowing them to express themselves and connect genuinely without scrutiny. This challenges the assumption that in-person interaction is always more valuable.
Researchers developed a machine-learning system that predicts how molecules form, cutting lab work time from months to days and reducing costs. The system uses asymmetric cross-coupling reactions to build complex compounds and can be applied across fields, deepening our understanding of chemistry.
Two new ACP papers advocate for policy changes to improve healthcare access and inclusivity for people with disabilities. The papers offer recommendations to address health disparities, promote disability-inclusive medical education, and foster a supportive workplace environment.
Scientists at Arizona State University have developed new materials that can capture carbon dioxide from the air using a low-energy process called moisture-swing direct air capture (DAC). The materials, which are commercially available polymers, were found to capture more CO2 and release it faster when their pores were larger.
Researchers discovered Setd8 enzyme preserves retinal progenitor cell flexibility, enabling potential regenerative vision therapies. The study highlights a potential target for repairing damaged retinas, with implications for regenerative medicine and ophthalmology.
Telemedicine usage varies by patient demographics and location, with elderly people and Asian patients less likely to use it. Lower income brackets and those with better technology access are more likely to use telemedicine, with significant geographic and demographic disparities found.
A $1 million Sloan Foundation grant will track and monitor data center development in Tennessee, Georgia, and Virginia, exploring its impact on rural communities. The research aims to understand how different policies and regulations shape data center development and its effects on communities.
Researchers demonstrate nanosecond optical switching using a liquid crystal droplet that redirects stored energy without electrical input. This method manipulates stored optical energy inside a resonant structure, enabling ultrafast light-by-light switching.
Researchers developed a low-cost method to transform agricultural waste into high-quality biochar, increasing its ability to store carbon and combat climate change. The new method uses limewater treatment to improve biochar production, resulting in a 34% increase in carbon retention and improved soil structure and chemistry.
A study by McKenna Litynski reveals that ancient needles and awls enabled humans to survive in cold climates through tailored leather clothing and provided a range of purposes beyond clothing production. The research, published in PLOS ONE, shows that needles and awls were widely used for medical suturing, fishing, tattooing, and cerem...
Researchers have developed a novel approach to fight colorectal cancer using modified Listeria bacteria as a courier to deliver potent cancer-killing proteins into tumor cells. This method has shown significant anti-tumor activity and could potentially lead to the development of a safe and effective oral treatment.
A new study by UCL researchers found that increasing physical fitness leads to a bigger release of brain-boosting proteins after just one session of exercise. The 12-week training program improved cognitive function and boosted brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels, supporting the formation of new neurons and maintaining brai...
Researchers analyzed data from TikTok and Spotify's Top 100 hit song charts, finding significant differences in what makes a hit on each platform. On TikTok, dance genres and user engagement drive popularity, while on Spotify, songs about relationships and major labels dominate.
The study found that 73% of AIAN deaths from police violence occurred on or within 10 miles of reservations, despite only 40% of AIAN people living there. The authors argue that colonial policies and inequities in policing contribute to this disproportionate risk of fatal police violence.
A Rutgers researcher finds bacteria accelerate calcium carbonate dissolution in shallow seas, potentially slowing carbon sequestration and influencing climate change. The discovery sheds light on the ocean's biological carbon pump and its future implications.
A new study by Stockholm University researchers reveals distinct populations of Baltic Sea herring with varying levels of genetic adaptation to local conditions. The findings highlight the importance of genetic diversity in managing herring populations and suggest that current fishing practices may be detrimental to local populations.
Researchers at the University of California San Diego identified new genetic variants associated with autism spectrum disorder using long-read whole genome sequencing. The approach enhanced the discovery of genetic variants, offering new insights into the genetic origins of autism.
A new study finds hitchhiking bacteria dissolve essential ballast in ubiquitous
An international team of researchers calls for a coordinated effort to find room temperature superconductors, which could revolutionize technology and everyday life. The team proposes a strategy to systematically search for materials and manipulate their properties using advanced techniques.
Despite significant policy progress, 1 in 3 adults worldwide fail to meet the World Health Organization's physical activity guidelines, UTHealth Houston researchers discovered. The study proposes solutions for translating physical activity guidelines into action, emphasizing the need for stronger leadership and partnership networks.
A UBC study finds raccoons continue to solve puzzles even after food rewards are removed, suggesting intrinsic motivation and a desire for information. The raccoons' flexible problem-solving and exploration-exploitation trade-offs may contribute to their success in urban environments.
A University of Houston researcher disputes a study claiming multilingualism promotes healthy brain aging, finding that wealth and healthcare systems may drive longevity instead. Hernandez argues that individual behavioral solutions, such as learning a language, are oversold and distract from structural factors that support healthy aging.
A study of over 1 million diagnosed individuals reveals genetic links between 14 psychiatric conditions, grouping them into five major factors. The findings may facilitate future treatments and drug repurposing, with potential applications in schizophrenia and substance abuse
A new index maps state-level flu risk, highlighting regional disparities and socioeconomic factors contributing to vulnerability. Policymakers can use this tool to develop targeted strategies, strengthen epidemic preparedness, and address disparities in flu risk across the US.
Researchers genetically modified a probiotic yeast to reduce its virulence in immunocompromised patients. The modified yeast was found to be less likely to cause infection, with improved survival rates in animal models.
Scientists at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital developed BOUQUET to analyze 3D-enhancer architecture in machine learning-based graph theory framework, identifying protein condensates and predicting gene expression. The findings provide new insight into how cells regulate genes controlling specialized identities.
The Hubland Campus of the University of Würzburg is a rich habitat for 170 species of wild bees, with 31 species listed as endangered. Targeted measures, such as a hymenoptera garden and sustainable mowing, have created a species-rich and ecologically important environment for pollinators.
Engineers at the University of Pennsylvania have developed LIBRIS, an automated microfluidic platform capable of generating lipid nanoparticle formulations at high speed and scale. This enables the creation of large, systematic datasets needed to train predictive AI models, accelerating the design of lipid nanoparticles for mRNA delivery.
Research reveals altered brain networks in newborns with congenital heart disease, which may be linked to sensory perception, movement, and social behavior. After corrective surgery, these brain networks are improved, suggesting that cardiac surgery can improve brain health.
AAO-HNS members will meet with Congress to champion patient access, hearing health equity, and Medicare reform. The Academy is urging passage of the Stop CMV Act and Ally's Act to ensure universal newborn screening and coverage of bone-anchored hearing aids and cochlear implants.
Researchers used AI to analyze over 15,000 patient data and identified three major clusters of BSI patients with varying levels of severity. The study found that high-risk patients, particularly older male transplant recipients, were more susceptible to infections and had higher mortality rates.
Researchers at King's College London discovered that certain genetic features of gut bacteria predict long-term survival after fecal transplants. These stable gene groups are linked to traits that help good bacteria compete and survive, and may be used as a source of future drugs.
Researchers at Rice University developed a CRISPR-based technique that increases mitochondrial production in heart cells, improving energy levels and pumping contractions. The system successfully boosted mitochondrial function in human cell types, animal models, and adult human heart donor tissue.
Emerging research reveals the gut microbiota plays a decisive role in shaping treatment outcomes for cancer immunotherapy. Beneficial bacteria enhance anti-tumor immunity by producing immune-active metabolites and activating key immune cells.
The study highlights the importance of absorptive capacity and collaboration practices in nanotechnology commercialisation. Companies can improve their chances of successfully commercialising breakthrough technologies by refining their governance and management structures.