Brightsurf delivers daily science news discoveries, articles, and the latest scientific breakthroughs. Your trusted source for science news today, covering nature news, science & technology, and scientific discoveries from leading research institutions worldwide.
Researchers found that single-atom Cu and adjacent Ti sites play distinct roles in CO2 photoreduction. Single-atom Cu sites promote CO2 adsorption and activation at adjacent Ti sites through H2O adsorption and electron injection.
Researchers at Texas A&M University discovered that a key pigmentation gene evolved rapidly in chickens, revealing an unexpected pattern of genetic evolution. This process allowed for the creation of a wide range of feather colors and patterns through the combination of multiple mutations within the same gene.
A research team led by Iowa State University's Raquel Espin Palazon identified two essential components — a pervasive protein and a crucial cellular signaling pathway — needed to make some types of blood cells. Adding these components to leukemia cells could potentially lead to new treatment options.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have developed a highly tunable electro-optic isolator for signal routing in photonic integrated circuits. The device exhibits extremely low loss and high propagation contrast, making it comparable to commercial off-chip magnetic isolators.
A new study found consistent summertime peaks in both mass shootings and suicide deaths in the US, indicating a possible link between the two. The researchers observed seasonal fluctuations in these forms of violence, raising the possibility that mass shootings may share risk pathways with suicidal behavior.
Researchers have identified a specific location where DNA begins opening inside living yeast cells, marking the start of DNA replication. The study revealed a molecular gate that helps prepare DNA for copying and coordinates multiple stages within a compact area of the genome.
A temporally plastic photonic processor enables real-time adaptation in environments with changing inputs. The device achieves high single-pass precision and shows improved accuracy in tasks like matrix inversion and sequential decision-making compared to traditional electronic processors.
A new study published in The Journal of Nuclear Medicine has found that dual-energy SPECT may enable faster monitoring of PSMA therapy, reducing imaging time from 18 minutes to 9 minutes. Another study showed a prognostic model using PSMA PET can predict outcomes after therapy, including overall survival and PSA progression-free survival.
Researchers from the Universities of Amsterdam and New South Wales have discovered ytterbium ions can remain in previously unexplored metastable states for surprisingly long times, up to 30 seconds. The findings may improve the detection of quantum bits (qubits) and their generalized analogues in ytterbium ions.
The Office of Naval Research has released a new Science and Technology Strategy to address complex challenges facing the Department of the Navy and broader Department of War. The strategy emphasizes the need for disciplined choices and prioritization in research and delivery.
Researchers at the University of Chicago report a promising new strategy using BifidoSumIL-2, an engineered bacterial strain, to deliver an immune-stimulating therapy directly into pancreatic tumors. The treatment selectively activates cancer-fighting T cells and slows tumor growth, even when combined with chemotherapy or radiotherapy.
Researchers found that high brain metabolism is associated with longer overall survival, and it's an independent prognostic factor for overall survival. Brain metabolism measured by ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT provides valuable insight into patient outcomes and may help identify patients most likely to benefit from early supportive care.
Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis discover 'condenzymes,' inherent catalytic activities of biomolecular condensates, which contribute to biochemical functions in cells. The study shows that condensates can catalyze reactions such as esterolysis and hydrolysis, challenging the idea that they are merely bystanders in cells.
Researchers developed an elastic bevel thermal lamination method that removes interlayer impurities, producing clean interfaces and high-performance 2D device arrays. The method significantly reduces bubbles and wrinkles while maintaining structural integrity.
A new study from Stockholm University found that the most severe droughts in the ancient Eastern Mediterranean arose when multiple natural climate cycles coincided. This helped explain why the drought associated with the Late Bronze Age collapse were so severe, pushing societies beyond a critical hydroclimatic threshold.
Scientists have identified unusual cell behavior and an overactive immune response in mothers and babies with preeclampsia, providing new therapeutic targets for the condition. The study found that stressed placental cells, poorly functioning blood vessels, and stress molecules released by the placenta contribute to the condition.
Research reveals that patients' inherited genetic variants can impact the benefits and toxicity of CAR-T cell therapy for blood cancers. Variants in genes such as STXBP2, ADAMTSL3, and PTPN22 were found to correlate with treatment-related toxicity or enhanced therapeutic activity.
Brown tree snakes have more genetic diversity than initially thought, thanks to advanced sequencing technology that revealed thousands of structural variants. This unexpected diversity may help explain how the invasive species thrived despite a severe genetic bottleneck.
The UBR4-KCMF1-Calmodulin (UKC) complex is a stress-responsive machinery that regulates protein degradation and stress signaling. It employs UBE2A as its E2 enzyme and requires substrates with pre-attached ubiquitin moieties for efficient modification.
The discovery of altermagnetism reveals a new symmetry class of matter and has profound implications for quantum materials, condensed matter physics, and future information technologies. Researchers established that nature hosts a third elementary form of collinear magnetism.
A team of researchers at Harvard and Max Planck Institute have developed three new functional components for photonic microchips using an inverse design algorithm. The compact designs are about 500 times smaller than conventional designs and offer a path toward higher-performance integrated light technologies.
A study found that antibodies generated by vaccination against Zaire ebolavirus can neutralize the current Bundibugyo ebolavirus variant, suggesting possible cross-protection. However, further studies are required to confirm clinical benefit during the ongoing outbreak.
Designing T-cell engagers aims to optimize activity and toxicity through molecular engineering, dosing regimens, and patient selection. Strategies include spatiotemporal control of T-cell activation and tumor-selective cytotoxicity to enhance efficacy while minimizing harm.
The health tech industry is evolving with AI-powered wearables that enable real-time data interpretation, reducing centralized infrastructure demands. Pharmaceutical AI tools like NoHarm automate reviews, freeing up resources for medication errors. These innovations transform healthcare, improving care and patient outcomes.
A new study found that robot-delivered feedback can help learners recover from mistakes, but more personalized feedback was not automatically more helpful in the next moment. Personalized feedback was linked to better overall performance across the whole task, suggesting a trade-off between detailed feedback and learning speed.
Researchers identify PnMYB38 as a molecular switch linking plant hormone signals to saponin biosynthesis in Sanchi ginseng. The discovery opens the door to precision breeding and metabolic engineering strategies to boost medicinal quality.
Researchers at NYU Abu Dhabi have discovered that the malaria parasite relies on linoleic acid-containing blood fats to support its growth. This finding challenges scientists' understanding of how the parasite survives inside the human body, revealing a previously unknown vulnerability that could be targeted by future drugs.
The Journal of Nutrition reviews updated protein guidance, highlighting strengths and limitations in the evidence. The authors emphasize the need for further research to better understand protein needs across populations.
A study used digital senses to identify unique flavor fingerprints of five Minnan oolong tea varieties. The research combined electronic nose and tongue technologies with high-resolution metabolomics to distinguish the cultivars, offering an objective tool for varietal authentication and quality assessment.
Greater Japanese horseshoe bats align their echolocation call frequencies within a colony to reduce interference and enhance sensory perception. By converging on shared frequencies, the bats create a 'silent spectral window' allowing for reliable detection of prey signals.
Researchers at UTHealth Houston found that teenagers spending six or more hours a day on social media were twice as likely to experience symptoms of anxiety and three times as likely to report suicidal ideation. The study, published in Pediatrics Open Science, suggests that excessive social media use can contribute to poor mental health.
Researchers at Harvard's SEAS have created unique machine-knitted fabrics that 'snap' between multiple stable shapes, exhibiting multistability. The team embedded fine conductive yarns to create soft, stretchable electric switches that change state as the textile snaps back and forth.
Two interconnected signaling pathways, MAPK and PI3K/AKT, drive papillary thyroid carcinoma development and progression. Molecular diagnostics and targeted therapies are transforming treatment approaches.
A Chinese research team has proposed a novel approach to separate dimethyl carbonate from methanol using a tailor-made ionic liquid and heat pump-assisted distillation. The method significantly reduces energy consumption and costs compared to traditional methods, making it an attractive solution for the chemical industry.
BAM15 rescues obesity-induced defects in oocyte maturation and embryonic development through improved mitochondrial function. The compound activates PPARγ signaling, restoring genes associated with cytoskeletal organization and energy metabolism.
A global database, MATILDA, links individual dietary surveys with country-level food supply chains and population data, revealing how diets differ within countries and their environmental impacts. The study suggests tailored policies targeting specific populations can reduce emissions by up to 7.7% and improve health.
A clinical trial found that a standardized peritoneal dialysis training program reduced infection risk compared to existing training. The study recruited 1462 patients and demonstrated the impact of training delivery on PD-related infections.
Researchers at Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences have developed a new AI framework called Orla that streamlines building and running AI workflows. In tests, Orla reduced computing costs and response times without sacrificing quality.
Researchers have designed a tough, fatigue-resistant, and multifunctional biogel for next-gen wearable electronics. The biogel enables self-powered devices for gesture recognition and robotic hand control with high precision.
Researchers create collapsible scissored surfaces based on networks of interconnected scissor mechanisms that can transform into curved surfaces. The new approach completes a trilogy of metamaterial design principles: origami (folds), kirigami (cuts), and pantograph lattices (linkages).
Researchers created a wearable patch that can detect hazardous substances and alert wearers through vibrations. The device also extends its functionality to robotic devices, allowing them to avoid hazards in their environment.
A three-year project aims to create a new formulation that supports the targeted and less invasive regeneration of injuries affecting intimate tissues. The researchers focus on extracellular vesicles, tiny particles released by cells, to facilitate intercellular communication and tissue regeneration.
Researchers used non-human primates to investigate MANF's function, revealing its essential role for astrocyte survival specifically in monkeys. The study highlights the importance of utilizing non-human primate models to evaluate therapeutic strategies targeting MANF-related pathways.
The Canada-China Reciprocal Learning Partnership in Teacher Education and School Education created a durable collaborative space for cross-cultural contact and shared educational practice. The partnership generated substantial evidence of sustained activity, including six collaborative research teams, annual international conferences, ...
A new study published in JAMA found that customized treatment for babies born with opioid withdrawal can significantly reduce hospital stays and speed recovery. The approach, which combines symptom-based dosing with the Eat, Sleep, Console model of care, helped infants recover an average of 2.3 days sooner.
A study led by Robert Koeth found a connection between elevated blood levels of TMAO, a gut bacteria byproduct, and an increased risk of atrial fibrillation. The research team discovered that TMAO changes the heart's electrical environment, making it more susceptible to abnormal rhythms.
A novel therapy approach has been discovered, utilizing the body's own mechanisms to prevent blood clots and reduce the risk of strokes and heart attacks. The approach focuses on two substances, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and thrombomodulin (TM), which activate a mechanism in blood vessels to prevent clot formation.
Researchers developed atomic/molecular layer deposition (ALD) engineering of silicon interfaces to overcome traditional silicon anode limitations. The approach enables stable and functionalized interfaces with unique self-limiting surface chemistry, achieving ultra-high capacity, fast charging, and extended cycle life.
Researchers at Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf demonstrate that increasing qubits in adiabatic quantum computers makes them increasingly sensitive to disturbances, leading to a 'quantum Zeno effect' that can freeze computational processes. Mitigating measures like shielding and active protection methods can help overcome this issue.
Researchers found five stages of silicic acid formation in fossilised wood, spanning 200 million years and documenting temperature, pressure, and composition conditions. The study uses quartz cathodoluminescence, fluid inclusions, and other techniques to reconstruct the geological history of the Saale Basin in central Germany.
Chinese graduate students contribute to Japanese universities in multiple ways, expanding research agendas and enhancing global visibility. They also serve as academic conduits, influencing peers and shaping international networks.
A new review by the University of East London found no direct evidence showing whether domestic gardens reduce pollution levels or improve household air quality. Despite covering vast areas of Britain's towns and cities, researchers discovered a huge gap in understanding the role of domestic gardens on air quality.
A cross-sectional study investigates whether the time of day for influenza vaccination affects its effectiveness in preventing subsequent infections. The study found that vaccinations given later in the day may be less effective than those administered at other times.
Research on interfacial thermal transport in 2D heterostructures reviews recent advances and outlines future research directions. The authors argue that interfaces should be regarded as tunable thermal functional units, enabling active thermal management through device design.
Researchers analyzed genomic data from over 72,000 Han Taiwanese participants to identify genomic signatures of ongoing natural selection and uncover disease-associated genetic variants. The study reveals that large biobanks can function not only as tools for precision medicine but also as platforms for examining modern human evolution.
A study of 997,701 ED visits in Alberta and Ontario found a significant association between wildfire-sourced PM2.5 and a 6% increase in ED visits for migraine and primary headache syndromes. Associations were attenuated in less deprived areas, suggesting that wildfire-sourced PM2.5 may trigger severe headache episodes requiring ED care.
The UK is leading the development of one of the core instruments of the Habitable Worlds Observatory, a mission to search for Earth-like planets and study their atmospheres. The observatory aims to answer whether we are alone in the universe with technological advances and scientific breakthroughs.
A cross-sectional study of 172 venture capital-backed maternal health startups identified significant gaps in pregnancy care delivery, particularly for low-income populations. The study found that while startups have the potential to facilitate innovation, few address health equity concerns.
The US and China have distinct advantages in different domains, with the US lacking efficient translational infrastructure and China building a more efficient biomedical development engine. The conversation will address areas of collaboration and competition in biopharmaceutical innovation.
Emerging non-endocytic delivery strategies enable direct cytosolic delivery of proteins, nucleic acids, and gene-editing tools, providing new opportunities for biomedical therapies. The review discusses their application prospects in gene therapy, macromolecular drug delivery, and cellular engineering.
Researchers at Osaka Metropolitan University developed a practical imaging technique to visualize surface plasmon polaritons, electromagnetic waves traveling along metal surfaces. The method uses quantum dots to create sensitizers that can capture images of the waves under normal laboratory conditions.
Researchers at Kyushu University identified a molecule that strengthens hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), a key muscle-repair signal. The compound, lipoic acid trisulfide (LASSS), enhances HGF's binding affinity for satellite cells, restoring its ability to repair muscle fibers and counteracting age-related muscle loss.
Researchers at the University of Cambridge solved the puzzle of why stimulating and blocking a specific 'switch' in the brain can help people lose weight. By targeting distinct regions of the brain, they found that GIPR agonists suppress appetite, while GIPR antagonists boost weight loss by releasing a 'brake'.
A new study reveals that green cryptocurrencies are better at transmitting volatility compared to traditional green assets, offering limited hedging effectiveness. Portfolio analysis shows that Cardano and Stellar are key drivers of volatility, while green bonds and ESG investments absorb disturbances.
A new oral antiviral drug candidate, GHP-88310, efficiently blocks both forms of viral spread and shortens the time period infected animals can transmit the virus. The study demonstrates the drug's suitability to augment traditional ring vaccination against measles.
Recent research suggests Venus is geologically active, with evidence of recent rifting and volcanic activity. Computer models indicate that rift flanks can form along the edges of rift valleys, widening rapidly over time.
A new study reveals sericin is an active conductor that directs the self-assembly of silk fibroin into ordered nanofibrils through liquid-liquid phase separation. This discovery fundamentally revises the textbook view of sericin and its role in natural fibers, opening doors to engineering materials with similar architectures.
By coating extracellular vesicles with metal ions, cells can recognize and capture their own vesicles more strongly, improving liquid biopsies and aiding in drug delivery, rejuvenation, and more. This technique amplifies signals indicating cancer cells by a factor of 10,000, making single cells detectable even in large samples.
Researchers have found that a combination of enfortumab vedotin and pembrolizumab helps patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer live longer while reducing the risk of recurrence after surgery. Nearly 80% of patients who received this treatment remained free of disease progression, recurrence, or death two years after treatment began.
Scientists at La Trobe University discovered lipid droplets play a critical role in the body's early detection and defence against viruses. The study found these fatty structures can stop viruses from spreading by changing their structure and signalling to the immune system.
A new genetic framework, Behçet's spectrum disorders (BSD), maps out diverse inflammatory conditions united by shared immune pathways. The two-tiered classification aids in early recognition and genetic screening for children with unexplained fevers and gut inflammation.
A comprehensive review reveals a crucial role of CHD proteins in regulating gene activity during heart development. The study identifies specific members of the protein family linked to different stages of cardiac development, providing a unifying framework for understanding congenital heart defects.
A scientific review of 31 studies on vegan pet diets found they are generally well digested by dogs and cats. Nutritionally sound vegan options provide all essential nutrients, reducing the risk of nutrient absorption issues.
Christian P. Robert is recognized for his work on modern Bayesian statistics and computation, transforming Bayesian analysis into a practical framework. His books and research have educated generations of statisticians and strengthened the connection between theory and practice.
Researchers designed a novel organic-inorganic composite electrolyte to improve lithium metal batteries' safety, reliability, and electrochemical performance. The asymmetric quasi-solid-state composite electrolyte reduces internal short-circuit risks and enhances overall battery life.
Scientists develop a new palladium-polyoxometalates cluster catalyst, Pd-PMo10V2, which enhances the selective hydrogenation of phenol to cyclohexanone. The catalyst achieves high phenol conversion rates and maintains structural integrity through multiple cycles.
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and polyoxometalate-based MOFs (POMOFs) have been shown to selectively activate inert C-H bonds, overcoming long-standing challenges in organic synthetic chemistry. POMOFs enable ultrafast electron injection and generate reactive oxygen species with high selectivity.
Researchers used reinforcement learning to control wave energy converters, generating up to 13.9% more energy with improved efficiency and stability. The approach uses short-term wave forecasts to adapt in real-time, avoiding the need for precise models.
Researchers discovered that a small magnetic field switches CeTe₃ between striped and checkerboard electronic patterns. The material's unique properties allow it to adopt multiple competing patterns, which can be manipulated with magnetism.
Researchers at the University of Colorado Anschutz Linda Crnic Institute discovered unique biological processes altered among individuals with Down syndrome who have different sets of co-occurring conditions. The findings mark an important step toward personalized treatment, enabling future targeted therapies and improved health outcomes.
Researchers found that chemotherapy triggers an inflammatory cascade recruiting immune cells to protect the tumor, leading to chemoresistance. Blocking this pathway with existing drugs may restore chemotherapy sensitivity.
Researchers at KAIST have created an antibody that precisely targets intracellular cancer mutations using computational methods. The antibody selectively recognizes only cancer cells carrying the KRAS(G12D) mutation, demonstrating its potential for precision antibody therapeutics.
Researchers demonstrated a dual-use laser system capable of wirelessly transmitting power over long distances and rapidly transitioning to perform defensive missions. The test showcased the system's ability to provide remote power delivery while maintaining its original mission as a directed-energy defense capability.
A clinical case study demonstrates that heterovirulence, a simultaneous presence of subpopulations with different levels of virulence, can lead to the emergence of increasingly virulent subpopulations. This process can occur in seemingly harmless reservoirs, such as urinary tract infections, and contribute to the spread of infection wi...
During early simulated microgravity, cerebral blood flow changes are closely associated with upstream macrovascular hemodynamics in internal carotid and vertebral arteries. The study found that regional cerebral blood flow alterations are independently predicted by vertebral artery hemodynamic parameters.
Researchers identified endotrophin as a biological marker that rises and falls with changes in body fat, reflecting changes in metabolic health. The study suggests endotrophin could serve as a valuable biomarker and therapeutic target for reducing obesity-related health risks.
New research suggests that Europa's shallow water reservoirs are unlikely to contain water from the deep ocean. The route from deep ocean to surface is probably much more difficult than scientists assumed, with turbulent water rising through ice cracks leading to freezing and clogging.
Researchers develop novel extracellular vesicle platform that makes bacteria more susceptible to polymyxins, enabling lower and safer treatment doses. The platform was shown to enhance bacterial killing and cause minimal toxicity in murine models.
A study found that brain immune cells undergo substantial remodeling in midlife, leading to chronic neuroinflammation and potential dementia risk. The research used advanced single-cell analysis techniques to analyze postmortem hippocampal tissue from 40 healthy adults.
Spotted hyena females show greater reproductive inequality than males due to social rank inheritance, benefiting high-ranking females' offspring. This pattern is reversed when considering grandchildren and great-grandchildren, with females demonstrating greater inequality.
Researchers develop a novel FeN4–Ru6–NiN4@PCA catalyst with atomic-level precision and multiscale electronic modulation for exceptional bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysis. The catalyst achieves high ORR half-wave potential and OER, with low bifunctional voltage gap, stability, and methanol tolerance.
Engineers create optimized interfacial energy barrier in NbSe2/WSe2 heterostructure to accelerate charge separation while suppressing dark current. This approach enables high-speed optical imaging with enhanced fidelity, opening a promising route for next-generation optoelectronic devices.
Researchers introduce 'plantymers', plastics that break down naturally in the environment, addressing traditional plastic drawbacks. Plantymers are strong enough to compete with fossil-based plastics, making them suitable for fruit packaging and other applications.
The Journal of Systematics and Evolution (JSE) is launching a special issue on deep sea biodiversity, covering taxonomy, phylogenomics, comparative genomics, and microbial ecology. Researchers worldwide can submit free-access papers with waived page and color charges until January 31, 2027.
Researchers found that even losing one copy of the TBX5 gene can drastically derail heart development due to DNA misfolding. The study reveals a new origin for genetic disease, suggesting that small drops in protein levels can scramble the 3D structure of DNA.
Exceptional points in non-linear systems follow a universal geometric order, according to a new study published in Nature Communications. The findings have implications for the design of highly sensitive sensors and could lead to a deeper understanding of non-Hermitian Physics.
A new study using remote sensing and machine learning found that mining for green technology minerals has unexpected consequences on biodiversity. The research revealed that commodities such as lithium and cobalt have the highest biodiversity risks despite lower levels of forest loss.
A multidisciplinary research framework integrating earth science and environmental engineering is proposed to mitigate the risks of waterborne pathogens. The framework emphasizes real-time detection, numerical simulation, and multi-omics approaches to track pathogens and harmful genes across various media.
Researchers at Kobe University have successfully created a subclass of T cells that can be used across patients and reproduceably turned back into those T cells. These cells attack and shrink human patient-derived colorectal cancer tumors implanted in mice, offering potential for future systemic therapy.
Research finds that one-pedal driving in electric vehicles yields narrower distributions of speed and acceleration when integrated with Adaptive Cruise Control, improving traffic flow stability. However, manual control produces pronounced speed oscillations and sharper decelerations, highlighting the need for automation.
A new US national study by Tulane University's Newcomb Institute found that Americans are reporting experiences of sexual harassment at far higher rates than they did before the #MeToo movement. The share of U.S. adults reporting sexual harassment increased from 10.7% in 2018 to 24.3% in 2024.
The study introduced an interphase activator strategy that couples both processes through one additive, converting native surface species into a reconstructed interphase and regulating the coordination environment in the polymer phase. The optimized electrolyte delivers high ionic conductivity and stability, making it suitable for soli...
Researchers demonstrate phonon focusing at room temperature in boron arsenide, a material with high thermal conductivity. This discovery could improve thermal management in electronics and enable advances in quantum computing technologies.
A new study found that PET/CT scans improved the diagnosis of fever of unknown origin (FUO) in nearly 75% of patients. The study identified predictive markers for a positive scan, including high C-reactive protein and short duration of prior antibiotic therapy.
Researchers developed a platform to move Dirac points in momentum space, allowing for free sound steering. Two fully passive devices were built: a scanning topological antenna and an angle-tunable Klein tunneling device.
The guidelines provide evidence-based recommendations for screening, diagnosis, treatment, referral, and follow-up of MAFLD in primary care. Lifestyle interventions, such as weight loss and exercise, are recommended to reduce the risk of progression and complications.
Researchers uncover new evidence about the timing and intensity of asteroid bombardment on the Moon's surface, finding it declined gradually rather than a short burst. The discovery allows scientists to reconstruct over three billion years of lunar impact history.
Researchers at Facility for Rare Isotope Beams identified magnetic transitions within the nucleus of zinc-70 as the cause of an unexpected excess of low-energy gamma rays. This discovery sheds light on a long-standing puzzle in nuclear physics and has implications for astrophysics, including the formation of heavy elements.
Direct patient or caregiver prior authorization engagement is associated with adverse outcomes, including delays and suboptimal care. This study may inform future research and intervention development to navigate PA-related administrative burden.
Researchers have demonstrated that topological insulators can withstand higher measurement currents while maintaining precise Hall resistance values, paving the way for more accurate electrical standards. This breakthrough overcomes significant technical obstacles and enables the development of universal electrical references.
A study found that the gut microbiota of Helicoverpa armigera caterpillars harbors fungi with the potential to degrade expanded polystyrene. Four fungi were isolated and demonstrated to break down polystyrene using scanning electron microscopy analysis.
A new plasma-catalysis process converts nitrogen (N2) and methane (CH4) into alkylamines, ammonia, and hydrogen under mild conditions. The study achieves high co-conversion efficiency by leveraging the synergy between plasma activation and catalyst adsorption.
Researchers developed a multi-feature fusion filtering framework to improve defect detection in heavy-haul lines, achieving accurate localization in over 90% of test cases. The method outperforms single-feature methods by reducing missed detections and large localization deviations.
A UMaine-led research team has been awarded the inaugural DOE Genesis Mission to develop AI-powered models that simulate the impact of microbes on underground chemical reactions. The project aims to improve predictions in groundwater management, environmental remediation, and energy infrastructure planning.
A new review reveals that selenium metabolism governs ferroptosis sensitivity through a broader network of selenoproteins and antioxidant defense systems. This discovery expands our understanding of ferroptosis regulation and has implications for cancer treatment and other diseases.
A landmark trial shows that children hospitalised with severe pneumonia can recover just as well from injectable to oral antibiotics, even with shorter treatment durations. This simple change could help millions of children worldwide get back to their families sooner and reduce pressure on busy hospitals.
Researchers from Pennington Biomedical will present findings on organoid models, GLP-1 therapies, and early-life nutrition. The center's broad research portfolio is represented at the annual meeting of the American Society for Nutrition.
A new study by University College London researchers found that people who experienced persistent money struggles in early and middle adulthood performed less well in cognitive tests at age 53. They also found worse brain health, including more brain shrinkage, in later life, particularly for men and those with childhood disadvantage.
Childhood lymphoid leukemia mortality rates vary significantly across Brazil due to socio-economic disparities. The study highlights the need for region-specific strategies to improve access to specialized pediatric oncology services and timely diagnosis.
Michigan State University researchers have created a new research tool to investigate the regenerative biology of zebrafish gut nerves. The tool allows for controlled removal and regeneration of neurons, revealing how neural networks are restored in about nine days. This could lead to better understanding of nerve repair in humans.
Vitiligo is an autoimmune disease where immune system attacks melanocytes, leading to skin patches. Researchers discovered dormant pigment cells that could be reactivated using pharmacological inhibitors. This finding suggests a new approach for treating vitiligo by restoring melanocyte function and pigmentation.
Researchers used Landsat thermal infrared imagery to study river temperatures over 250 dams in the US, finding temperature differences in 71% of observations and varying impacts based on dam type and season. This new approach can help better understand freshwater ecology and water resource management.
Researchers discovered widespread age-related changes in genome regulation starting in midlife, linked to neurodegenerative diseases. A single-cell study found dramatic shifts in microglia, a type of brain's immune cells, and erosion of three-dimensional genome architecture.
A new method for the controlled cleavage of carbon-carbon double bonds in alkenes has been developed using CO₂ as an oxygen donor and visible light. This process replaces traditional oxidising substances with a safer and more sustainable approach, yielding ketones and carboxylic acids.
Researchers have developed a new tool, FlatMux, that captures electrical activity from almost 200 neurons simultaneously across cortical layers and at depths up to 500 micrometers. This platform enables recordings of neurons' location and cell types, revealing how brain functions emerge from highly interconnected networks.
Researchers analyzed over 600 tumors from 544 patients and found distinct genomic signatures of DNA changes linked to different chemotherapies. These patterns appeared as early as 91 days after treatment began, allowing clinicians to track treatment-resistant tumours and potentially reduce toxic effects. The study could lead to a more ...
Researchers at Brown and U.T. Southwestern have identified a key mechanism underlying GPT2 deficiency, a rare genetic disease affecting brain development. Supplementing a metabolite called alpha-ketoglutarate may improve DNA structure and gene expression in the brain, potentially leading to new treatments.
Researchers created a virtual robot with curiosity-driven neural network and tested its performance, finding that play-like behavior and exception-handling performance helped the robot understand language faster. The study suggests a combination of curiosity and linguistic diversity is key to children's rapid language acquisition.
A modeling study reconstructs ancient language history, estimating tens of thousands of languages existed 1,000-3,000 years ago. The 'golden age' of linguistic diversity was followed by an exceptionally rapid collapse over the past two millennia.
Researchers utilized a large healthcare system biobank to identify individuals carrying rare copy number variants linked to neurodevelopmental disorders. The study found significant value in direct phenotyping, providing practical benchmarks for implementing recall-by-genotype studies in diverse healthcare systems.
A study from the University of South Alabama found Pseudomonas aeruginosa accounted for 4% of local UTI cases, exceeding national averages. The research identified previously unknown genetic strains and concerning patterns of antibiotic resistance.
Researchers from Universitat Rovira i Virgili develop a process to extract oil from coffee grounds, preserving biomass for other uses. The method recovers approximately 90% of the oil yield obtained by traditional techniques, while minimizing impurities.
A new study reveals widespread damage to Syria's archaeological sites due to looting and bulldozing, particularly in areas occupied by the Turkish military. The researchers used satellite imagery to analyze 200 sites across Syria, finding that 59% were affected since 2015.
A randomized controlled trial in Singapore found that self-sampling increased high-risk HPV detection and overall screening uptake among previously unscreened women. Screening uptake also increased among women with regular screening history, particularly those who chose self-sampling.
Researchers documented a previously undescribed orca behavior in the Gulf of California, where orcas hold and then ram sunfish to cause tissue fragmentation. The observed behavior may be a form of parental investment or simply entertainment, with potential benefits for the calf's nutrition.
The Paleocoordinates Calculator (PACA) tool simplifies paleogeographic reconstructions by providing high-quality palaeogeographic data for researchers and users. PACA facilitates access to paleogeographic data, promoting transparency and reproducibility in Earth sciences.
Diversion of U.S. food waste from landfills could significantly reduce climate impacts and nutrient pollution, with potential benefits including a 89-99% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and a 49-54% decrease in nitrogen pollution. However, the resulting compost and organic materials may carry up to 20,000 tons of microplastics in...
Analysis of over 116,000 bird songs reveals eight fundamental acoustic motifs that underlie the diversity of passerine birdsong. Local environments play a significant role in shaping how birds communicate globally.
Researchers at Binghamton University are developing an ear probe that utilizes the unique way spiders 'hear' through their webs to detect inner-ear problems. The probe uses patented sensing technology inspired by spider silk, which can respond to sound with perfect fidelity from 1 Hz up to 50 kHz.
Researchers engineered twisted laser beams to interact with chiral molecules, distinguishing between mirror-image forms through the number of fragments produced. This simplifies detection and enhances sensitivity compared to traditional methods.
A recent study highlights the role of social relationships in knowledge sharing among farmers and proposes a new way to understand how climate-smart agricultural innovations begin. Trust, mutual support, and close relationships play a fundamental role in enabling knowledge sharing.
A Yale-led team developed a new process for removing PFAS from agricultural land at a fraction of the current remediation costs. The approach involves spreading crushed rock, which accelerates PFOS removal via plant growth, followed by biochar generation to destroy both PFAS chemicals.
A new study found that unwritten social rules in small societies play a crucial role in regulating land use and maintaining forest regeneration sustainably. The research suggests that these norms can reduce the total amount of land cleared and promote biodiversity when used in moderation.
A major international study estimates that around 43 billion days of antibiotics were needed globally in 2019 to treat bacterial infections appropriately. Many countries are using too many Watch and Reserve antibiotics, contributing to antibiotic resistance concerns.
A new study recommends reducing and reusing nappies, developing recycling technologies, and creating compostable products to tackle the plastic waste crisis. The research team identifies three system interventions that can radically reduce the environmental impact of absorbent hygiene products.
Researchers discovered a molecular link between exercise, dietary timing and liver protection against metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). The study found that exercise and time-restricted feeding suppress a specific signaling axis involving miR-802, PPARγ and Psmd2.
Researchers found that sperm whales blowing bubbles while asleep release air, making them less buoyant in the process. This helps them stay underwater without popping to the surface like a cork as they sleep.
Researchers discovered 171 distinct mutations causing MET exon 14 skipping in lung cancer patients. RNA-based testing confirmed these alterations, highlighting the importance of complementary diagnostic approaches.
Researchers found that materials surrounding fusion reactions can increase the frequency of fusion, particularly at low energies. The study opens a new field of 'materials-driven fusion' and could lead to more compact and efficient neutron generators with various applications.
The system addresses limitations of high numerical aperture objectives by combining a learned titanium dioxide meta-optic with a neural reconstruction network. This co-designed computational microscopy system improves imaging depth and resolves structures throughout thick biological specimens in a single shot.
A FRIB-led collaboration, including Michigan State University, has received a Genesis Mission Phase I award from the U.S. Department of Energy to develop artificial intelligence tools for heavy-ion accelerators and isotope separators. The project aims to transform how these systems are operated using physics-informed digital twins.
Researchers developed an artery-on-a-chip platform to predict ischemic stroke risk by replicating a patient's specific vascular structure and blood flow dynamics. The tool, called a 'physical twin,' reveals that three-dimensional vascular shape and local flow disturbances matter more than simple narrowing in predicting stroke risk.
Physicists have devised an innovative way to deduce the details of hidden particles at high energies by analyzing effective field theory coefficients. This approach provides a potential pathway for discovering new laws of physics and overcomes limitations of experimental research.
Researchers identified PPARs as a potential therapeutic target for primary biliary cholangitis, a rare autoimmune liver disease. Activation of PPARs reduces inflammation and promotes bile acid balance, slowing fibrosis progression.
A study published in PLOS Medicine found that parents' socioeconomic status has a greater impact on their child's health than prenatal behaviors such as smoking or alcohol consumption. The study analyzed data from over 230,000 participants and found associations between socioeconomic position and 72 different child health outcomes.
Deep-diving insect larvae have developed sturdy air sacs that control their buoyancy, defying the idea of oceanic insect extinction. Their unique respiratory system uses resilin to adjust air sac volume and pH, allowing them to thrive in extreme depths.
Researchers used AI and single-cell technology to study the 3D genome in brain cells from individuals with Alzheimer's disease. They found increased compartment mingling, reduced gene activity, and altered brain cell organization. The study identifies 3D genome organization as a key layer of Alzheimer's biology.
Researchers created the first 3D nanoscale maps of human airway epithelium using advanced microscopy techniques. The detailed digital representations provide an unprecedented view of cellular organization and specialization.
Researchers found that individuals with higher modifiable risk factors, such as high blood pressure and obesity, have more widespread plaque buildup and unstable plaques prone to rupture. The study's findings highlight the importance of early intervention to control these risk factors and prevent future events.
A new study reveals human impacts have fundamentally reshaped biodiversity patterns on islands worldwide. Island endemic species account for 75% of recorded anthropogenic extinctions, while many have received introduced species that now outnumber native flora and fauna.
A Rice University research team created prostate cancer cells that can survive high-force moments in the body, a process known as mechanoresistance. The study found that a gene called CALB2 plays a key role in this ability, with increased expression linked to metastatic cancer.
Scientists have focused on a specific frequency range, known as the 'water hole,' to search for alien signals. A new study suggests that high-frequency radio telescopes could play an important role in future SETI programs and may provide an alternative avenue for detecting technological signals.
A large-scale study found that disrupted sleep and anxiety persisted after the pandemic, contributing to fatigue in people with Post-COVID-19 Syndrome. Experts recommend routine assessment of sleep for post-pandemic fatigue and stress prevention.
A team of researchers at Ohio State University has identified a noncoding RNA that binds to ATP, which could lead to the development of new therapeutic nanomaterials. The discovery builds on previous work and follows up with an investigation into the mechanism of how this RNA binds to ATP.
A novel Ga-assisted epitaxial strategy enhances the interfacial thermal conductance of β-Ga2O3 on diamond, resulting in improved heat dissipation. The interface's ultra-high fracture strength and phonon bridge mechanism contribute to this breakthrough.
Researchers created the most detailed map of gene regulation in human heart failure, revealing how genes are controlled in specific cell types. The study identified key shifts in cell composition, gene expression, and regulatory networks, pointing to new precision medicine therapies.
Researchers at Salk Institute create a body-wide single-cell atlas of two major epigenetic systems, revealing that cell-type-specific epigenetic features can affect disease risk. The study identifies over 1.36 million differentially methylated regions and 283,606 differential chromatin loops across the human body's cell types.
iFuture, a new academic journal, debuts at WAIC 2026, focusing on foundational AI theories and cutting-edge interdisciplinary research. The journal's supporting platform Oscholar uses AI to support scholarly communication and collaboration, aiming to become a globally recognized high-impact platform for scholarly innovation.
Researchers found that a single dose of rapamycin rapidly improved symptoms in adult mice with autism-like changes, reversing abnormal brain signaling and behavior within two hours. The study suggests the adult brain's functional circuitry, not just its physical structure, as a target for future treatment approaches.
Researchers discovered that sperm whales release gas bubbles to regulate their buoyancy while resting in a unique vertical position just below the ocean surface. This behavior allows them to counteract expanding diving gas and achieve near-neutral buoyancy.
A recent national study analyzing over 11,800 adolescents found that substance use increases steadily with age, with 38% reporting use by age 16. The study highlights notable differences between boys and girls, particularly in polysubstance use patterns.
The American College of Lifestyle Medicine's (ACLM) Lifestyle Medicine Residency Curriculum has earned the 2026 AAMSE Profiles of Excellence Award. The curriculum, launched in an effort to address a gap in physician training, integrates lifestyle medicine into routine clinical training and emphasizes behavior change counseling and real...
Aging cells become more susceptible to ferroptosis due to elevated levels of acid ceramidase, a previously targeted therapeutic candidate. This vulnerability can be passed to neighboring cells, impacting overall tissue health. The discovery offers new hope for supporting healthy aging and treating age-related diseases.
Researchers have developed an AI-powered framework that combines multiple AI technologies with automated experiments to accelerate the discovery of advanced energy materials. The '4th+ paradigm' approach enables near-atomic-level accuracy in predicting material properties and rapidly analyzing experimental data.
Revolver Therapeutics, a spin-out company from the University of Bath, has won the Health category of the Royal Society of Chemistry's Emerging Technologies Competition with its proprietary discovery platform. The platform generates and tests millions of constrained peptide drug candidates directly inside living cells, selecting for mo...
New research reveals that tiny fly larvae have evolved specialized air sacs that allow them to survive in deep freshwater environments without collapsing under pressure. These adaptations enable precise movement and breathing through their skin, contradicting long-held assumptions about insect physiology.
Researchers have identified a new strategy to prevent T cell exhaustion and boost immunotherapy by blocking MEK signaling. This approach has shown promise in lab models, enabling T cells to persist under harsh tumor conditions. However, the effectiveness of this treatment may vary among patients due to the complexity of T cell exhaustion.
A new bio-based conductive hydrogel platform is presented to preserve biomembrane activity and enable sensitive detection of organophosphate pesticides. The developed biosensor demonstrated stable operation, retaining 85.8% of its original electrochemical response after seven days.
Researchers at NUS CDE developed compact memristive radio-frequency switches that can be integrated onto gallium nitride microchips. The switches retain their settings without continuous power, reducing chip size and power use.
Researchers at the University of Washington School of Medicine discovered that environmental bacteria can acquire and transfer antibiotic resistance genes to disease-causing bacteria in human lungs. This mechanism, previously unknown, could lead to rapid development of extreme antibiotic resistance. The study highlights the potential f...
A new study published in Nutrition Reviews identified popular menu items high in sodium and sugar, providing a starting point for creating healthier menus. School officials can use these findings to develop recipes that adhere to updated guidelines while still serving students' favorite foods.
Gert Aarts, a renowned physicist, has been awarded 1.58 million euros in funding from the Wübben Foundation Science to establish an Advanced Professorship at Bielefeld University. He will focus on linking theoretical physics with machine learning and expanding research on strongly interacting matter.
Researchers developed a water-retaining hydrogel electrode that stabilizes insect antennae, enabling odor sensing for up to seven hours. The biohybrid sensor supports disaster response, environmental monitoring, and hazardous chemical detection.
A team developed a platform for on-demand design of synthetic plant immune receptors (SPIRs) that recognize proteins from diverse plant pathogens. SPIRs were designed using AI-assisted tools and optimized using a high-throughput platform, demonstrating effective resistance to certain viruses and bacteria.
A study published by the American Psychological Association suggests that accepting uncertainty in career development can lead to greater meaning in work. Researchers found that individuals with 'career wisdom' were more likely to report a stronger sense of meaning in their work, predicting higher job satisfaction and well-being.
The University of Tennessee has received a $20 million NSF grant to establish ATHENA, a national network of AI-powered laboratories for accelerating scientific discovery. The initiative aims to revolutionize materials discovery by accelerating design, synthesis, characterization and autonomous optimization of advanced materials.
A new form of physical computing has been demonstrated using a few hundred microscopic particles oscillating in a liquid. The system harnesses collective dynamics to perform computations, reducing the need for precise control and increasing efficiency.
Researchers propose a multiple-moon-aided Jovian capture method utilizing solar gravity perturbation (SGP) to reduce velocity increments. The study uses four dynamic models and computes datasets to analyze the mechanism of SGP, revealing its influence on perijove radius change.
The study reveals how the encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) hijacks host ribosomes and translational factors to translate viral genes while blocking host gene translation. Targeting this mechanism could lead to new treatments for EMCV and similar viruses like poliovirus.
Researchers have developed a mathematical model that predicts relationship outcomes by accounting for forgetting rates, attraction levels, and reaction patterns. The model identifies three key ingredients determining long-term stability: mutual attraction, emotional erosion, and individual reactions.
This study reveals that off-the-shelf large language models do not exhibit universal risk profiles and can be affected by prompt language, leading to systematic distortions. The findings highlight the need for rigorous empirical calibration before deploying these models in computational social science and choice modeling.
Researchers have discovered three well-preserved silkworm cocoons at an archaeological site in Uzbekistan that push back the earliest verified date for silkworm cultivation outside of China by nearly 2,000 years. The findings suggest that East Asian mulberry sericulture had reached southern Central Asia as early as 4,000 years ago.
The study of Alan Turing's unpublished short story 'Pryce's Buoy' reveals a more nuanced understanding of the computer scientist. The six-page fragment challenges the stereotype of Turing as socially unaware and isolated, instead portraying him as playful, funny, and emotionally expressive.
Researchers have identified transmembrane 4 L six family member 1 (TM4SF1) as a highly selective surface marker of senescent β-cells in both mice and humans. This discovery provides an important step toward developing targeted senotherapies that could preserve insulin secretion and slow the progression of type 2 diabetes.
A comprehensive, sustained approach to treating tobacco dependence in patients undergoing cancer treatment has been shown to double quit rates compared to referral to a Quitline alone. The study found that 81% of participants who received virtual sustained treatment attended counseling sessions and had higher medication use rates.
The US Naval Research Lab is developing continuous biomanufacturing technologies to produce critical materials more efficiently and sustainably. The approach uses surface-bound microbial cells to generate valuable compounds over extended periods, reducing energy requirements and equipment size.
Researchers have developed an AI-based thickness-optimized acoustic hologram (TOAH) technology that directly optimizes the thickness of a 3D-printed lens to stimulate multiple brain regions. The technology enables precise multi-site brain stimulation using only a single thin lens and ultrasound transducer.
Researchers at Penn State have created a material memory system where two types of memory coexist and compete. At lower intensities, the mixture retains both directional and amplitude memories. However, as intensity increases, one memory weakens and is eventually erased, while the other becomes dominant.
Rice University has received a nearly $20 million NSF award to lead an AI-powered materials laboratory that aims to accelerate the manufacturing of electronic and quantum materials. The project, READINESS, will integrate automated synthesis equipment, robotic systems, and digital twins to minimize trial-and-error experimentation and en...
The journal aims to bridge the gaps in real-world deployment, long-term safety, and systemic equity by establishing a comprehensive research pipeline focused on clinical efficacy, implementation, and safety. Research exploring workflow compatibility, equitable access, user engagement, and economic sustainability of DMHIs is welcome.