Brightsurf delivers daily science news discoveries, articles, and the latest scientific breakthroughs. Your trusted source for science news today, covering nature news, science & technology, and scientific discoveries from leading research institutions worldwide.
Researchers at Tufts University School of Medicine discovered biomarkers that could help clinicians better detect and possibly cure early and persistent Borrelia burgdorferi infections. Anti-lipid antibodies, such as anti-phosphatidic acid and anti-phosphatylserine, may indicate new Lyme disease infections or persistent symptoms after ...
Scientists developed a new population model, APODEMUS, to predict pesticide effects on animal populations. The model simulates complex agricultural landscapes and foraging scenarios, tracking energy conversion and exposure to pesticides.
Prof. Yehu Moran's election to EMBO recognizes his groundbreaking research on the evolution of biological defense systems, advancing our understanding of life and exemplifying the university's scientific excellence.
A study found that parole candidates from diverse racial backgrounds are evaluated differently based on cultural frames used to explain their crimes. Participants preferred dispositional statements, while those from interdependent cultures chose situational factors equally or with equal frequency.
Researchers surveyed 503 Americans on news headline accuracy and confidence. They found that people with high confidence in specific judgements were better at distinguishing true from false headlines, whereas those with general overconfidence struggled with this task.
A chatbot using GPT-4o technology delivers personalized messages to American adults, increasing support for transgender rights and improving attitudes, but effects are short-term. The intervention demonstrates AI's potential as a scalable complement to community-based approaches aimed at fostering inclusion.
A new method uses machine-learning algorithms to detect scatterable PFM-1 landmines over wide areas, providing a first-pass analysis of suspected hazardous areas. The technique requires only a lightweight laptop, drone, and camera, operating without an internet connection.
A recent poll found that Orange County residents generally trust their local institutions, with 60% trusting the police department and 25% trusting the federal government. However, Independents express skepticism towards county government at just 32%, highlighting a concerning trend in the civic landscape.
A genomic study found two previously unreported truncating germline variants in BRCA2, suggesting inherited alterations may contribute to susceptibility to multiple primary lung cancers. The study also points toward important clinical applications, including the use of PARP inhibitors and molecularly targeted approaches for treatment.
A study by University of Basel researchers found that farming in Switzerland increased plant diversity over the past 7000 years. However, this trend reversed with modern agriculture's emphasis on efficiency and uniformity. The data suggests that altering farming practices could reverse declining biodiversity.
A new AI model, SpliceSelectNet, accurately predicts RNA splicing by capturing long-range DNA signals. The model's hierarchical Transformer architecture preserves high computational efficiency while maintaining single-nucleotide resolution, enabling accurate analysis of genomic regions.
Researchers at UT San Antonio develop non-toxic biologic to prevent Lyme disease transmission. The treatment targets small mammals and birds, reducing bacterial loads in ticks, and may soon be available for residential use.
Researchers at University of Toyama found three risk factors for mother-infant bonding disorders: difficulty holding a fussy baby, low happiness about pregnancy, and lack of social support. These factors predict increased risks of developmental delays and child abuse.
Researchers aim to develop reliable power generation in harsh environments, including space and underwater settings, using perovskite solar cells. Advances in material composition and device engineering can overcome instability issues, enabling long-term reliability and performance.
Prof. Orly Lewis is developing a flexible publishing platform for interactive knowledge environments, while Prof. Nir Friedman is creating an epigenomic liquid biopsy for early detection and monitoring of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis.
A team of UTEP researchers has created a printable gel polymer electrolyte that can be 3D-printed in any shape. The material performed similarly to conventional electrolytes and showed optimal performance at a specific recipe ratio, paving the way for flexible battery design.
Researchers found that diapause eggs exhibit increased chromatin remodeling, reduced gene expression for neural development, and enhanced metabolism. This study sheds light on the developmental mechanisms underlying insect diapause, a survival strategy for cold temperatures.
Acute myeloid leukemia transforms lung tissue into an inflammatory environment that promotes tumor cell expansion and impairs respiratory function. Researchers identified galectin-9 and the IL-33/IL1RL1 axis as potential targets for reducing this serious complication.
Biomedical engineers at Duke University have successfully grown specialized blood vessel cells critical to retinal health from induced pluripotent stem cells. These 'retinal endothelial cells' integrated into damaged tissue to regenerate blood vessels, restore function, and form functional vascular tissue in a lab-grown environment.
Researchers at ASHBi, Kyoto University, discovered that embryonic cells use tissue boundaries and cell interactions to organize themselves. Cells near the VE turned to face perpendicular to it, while those near ExE lay flat and parallel to the boundary.
A Phase I trial evaluated a novel multi-targeted T-cell therapy for children with deadly brain tumors, offering early evidence that the patient's own immune cells can reach and fight tumors while producing fewer severe side effects. The study suggests a safer and more effective approach for pediatric brain cancers.
Computer scientists have developed a new AI tool called RNAbpFlow that can map RNA structures with high accuracy, rivaling Google's AlphaFold 3. The method uses flow matching and can generate complete 3D structures from scratch, making it useful for drug discovery and targeting specific RNA folds.
Scientists have discovered a rare genetic condition called Heyn-Sproul-Jackson syndrome (HESJAS) that causes people to age at an accelerated rate. DNA methylation marks accumulate over time and can accurately measure a person's age, but in HESJAS, these marks occur at a much quicker rate, connecting to multiple age-related disease proc...
Researchers have created a novel Pt-Fe bimetallic catalyst that exhibits remarkable catalytic metrics, maintaining propylene selectivity over 95% and regenerability. The framework anchoring effect of iron species suppresses thermal sintering of Pt centers, ensuring atomic dispersion under high-temperature conditions.
A new ruthenium nanoparticle catalyst supports on a nitrogen-doped carbon framework enables stable and efficient hydrogen production. The design incorporates spatial confinement, anchoring sites, and electronic modulation to facilitate alkaline HER performance.
Researchers have discovered that advanced brain interfacing technology used for both touch and vision prostheses is almost identical, despite being developed separately. This breakthrough could lead to faster restoration of lost senses, including sight and motor function, with a unified technology that benefits both patient groups.
Researchers use cryo-electron microscopy to reveal the 3D structure of Mfa pili in P. gingivalis, understanding its role in attaching to host tissues and other microbes. This information can aid in developing therapeutic strategies to block attachment and infection.
A systematic review found that creatine monohydrate may reduce depressive symptoms in people taking standard antidepressants, with two trials showing significant benefits. However, three trials showed no effect, and the evidence is not yet settled due to limitations such as small sample sizes and biased patient enrollment.
A new analysis model predicts plastic deformation behavior of sheet metals based on microstructural characteristics, reducing calculation time from hours to seconds. The technology improves process design efficiency for automotive and battery applications by predicting forming issues like tearing and wrinkling.
Researchers have developed a plasma technology that can produce nitrogen fertilizer suitable for cultivating rice seedlings under lunar conditions. The technology successfully neutralizes highly alkaline regolith and releases critical mineral nutrients, allowing plants to absorb them more readily.
Researchers developed a multi-functional biomaterial that eradicates residual cancer cells, prevents bacterial colonization, and regenerates missing bone tissue. Gallium oxide selectively targets bone cancer cells overexpressing transferrin receptors, causing cell death, while preventing infection in surgical sites.
This paper introduces a novel one-step vapor purification technique to achieve high-purity vapor atmospheres and reduce impurities in thermally evaporated devices. The approach successfully suppressed defect formation and improved stability in perovskite LEDs and OLEDs.
This study reveals that Porphyromonas gingivalis induces neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment via microglial ferroptosis triggered by the NOX4/PPAR-α/PGC-1α pathway. The findings provide a molecular target for drug repurposing to intervene in periodontitis-associated Alzheimer's disease.
Scientists found clear and systematic drifts in global models' forecasts of Rossby wave breaking, which can weaken high-impact weather patterns. The jet stream's wind shear is a key factor in these errors, and biases in jet structure can echo through the forecast chain.
Researchers propose a framework to create adaptable, multifunctional bioinspired materials for harsh environments. By mimicking nature's designs, they aim to develop intelligent structural adhesion and friction materials that can operate across different environments.
Researchers reviewed current-carrying friction and wear models, noting mechanistic models rely on specific conditions, numerical simulations require computation, and AI approaches depend on high-quality data. The review aims to predict wear behavior accurately before damage occurs.
Researchers compiled a comprehensive survey to improve rubber friction under lubrication, highlighting the importance of considering multiple factors. The study aims to promote integration of methods for improved friction and safety.
A new Monash University study links sleep apnea with poorer memory and increased dementia risk factors in middle-aged adults. The research highlights the importance of identifying and managing sleep apnea early on to support long-term brain health.
The Hebrew University of Jerusalem and Edut 710 have partnered to create a groundbreaking AI-powered living archive, featuring nearly 2,000 survivor, witness, and first responder testimonies. The archive will enable users to search, translate, and explore the accounts through natural language, preserving authenticity and integrity.
Researchers at the University of Tokyo discovered that two tree snail species can alter their shell colors and patterns in response to humidity, using a process called refractive index matching. This unique mechanism has potential applications for smart sensors and materials.
Researchers at Griffith University identified a key immune cell dysfunction in ME/CFS patients, finding impaired calcium entry into mitochondria which triggers a chain reaction in the body. This deficiency affects energy production and immune cell function.
A study by King's College London found that students with declining school performance are at a higher risk of contact with the criminal justice system. Researchers identified 'signals' in school records indicating pupils who may need support, highlighting opportunities for early intervention.
A CU Anschutz study reveals reduced mitochondrial efficiency in healthy yet sedentary individuals, which may precede the development of major diseases like cancer, diabetes, and Alzheimer's. Regular exercise acts as a literal shield for cellular health, helping mitochondria seamlessly switch between burning fat and carbohydrates.
Research from the University of East Anglia found that even modest changes in weather can impact mental health service demand, with increases during hot weather and low sunshine. Fluctuations in temperature and sunlight exposure were linked to shifts in unscheduled healthcare use, with rainfall appearing to have little consistent effect.
Research studies show that e-cigarette chemicals may harm cardiovascular health, including irregular heartbeat and cardiac arrest. The American Heart Association cautions consumers and policymakers about the potential risks of e-cigarette use.
Researchers at Scripps Research have created a new method to build the tough chemical bond found in carbohydrate-based drugs, such as those for treating diabetes. The new approach uses common table sugar and vinegar to create C-glycosides, which are resistant to enzymatic breakdown.
Researchers from KAIST have provided experimental evidence that electrons form a loop-like circulating order (loop-current order) before reaching the superconducting state. This discovery sheds light on the fundamental principles of superconductivity and offers a crucial clue for understanding unconventional superconductivity.
Researchers warn that teens' reliance on AI chatbots may bypass opportunities for developing essential relationship skills. The technology offers immediate, nonjudgmental guidance but lacks needed safeguards, potentially reinforcing unhealthy relationship patterns and increasing vulnerability to mental health problems.
Research suggests exposure to extreme heat and cold increases risk of emergency department visits among people with dementia. Extreme temperatures accelerate health events that would otherwise occur later, potentially leading to increased healthcare demand.
Research reveals that the invasive fern species S. molesta has a clonal nature, making it highly efficient and prone to rapid spread. This understanding challenges prevailing models of fern genome evolution and offers insights into its remarkable reproductive biology.
The Harvesting the Future Africa Summit emphasized the need for sustained investment in agricultural innovation to bring proven solutions to more farmers, faster. CIMMYT is advancing integrated food systems approaches that connect science to implementation, farmers to markets, and innovation to investment.
A 300 million-year-old fish fossil has preserved its brain, providing a rare opportunity to study the brain evolution of early ray-finned fishes. The well-preserved brain offers distinct characteristics that suggest a deep-time relationship to modern sturgeons and paddlefish.
Destination Earth is a European Union-funded initiative that aims to build a digital replica of the Earth system by 2030. The project integrates climate change adaptation and weather-induced extreme events with AI capabilities, providing flexible simulation frameworks for tailored information on impacts and potential evolutions.
Researchers at UNH and Cornell discovered that Salvinia ferns have dynamic genomes linked to reproduction differences. The study reveals the role of chromosome fissions and fusions in shaping their genome size and structure.
A new study shows that a telehealth navigator program can significantly improve blood pressure control among Black patients with hypertension cared for at federally qualified health centers. The program was associated with a 31.4 percentage point increase in the likelihood of having controlled blood pressure.
A study found that administering COVID-19 and influenza vaccines on the same day is not associated with an increased risk of serious or clinically meaningful adverse events. The research, published in Annals of Internal Medicine, involved 2.5 million patients in the US Department of Veterans Affairs health care system and compared thos...
Researchers developed a waste-to-resource strategy using agricultural biomass to break down polyethylene microplastics. Walnut shell-derived biochar improved the photodegradation of TiO2, reducing microplastic particles by 70 micrometers in 40 hours.
A new study reveals that biochar increases soil organic carbon more efficiently than straw by guiding microbes towards stable carbon formation. Biochar promotes a slower but more stable carbon pathway, reducing native soil carbon mineralization.
Researchers developed a simple passive way to tune wave energy devices, using submerged cones attached to a floating platform. This approach improved the device's ability to capture wave energy in both regular and irregular waves, with efficiency rates of up to 52% and 21.5%, respectively.
Heather Currier Hunt will lead the evolution of St. Jude's Leadership Academy to develop leaders for its growing workforce and global impact. The program has already trained over 1,600 staff members and focuses on creating leaders who are curious, collaborative, and driven.