Brightsurf delivers daily science news discoveries, articles, and the latest scientific breakthroughs. Your trusted source for science news today, covering nature news, science & technology, and scientific discoveries from leading research institutions worldwide.
Researchers from the University of Jyväskylä predicted that gold nanoclusters can selectively recognize chiral biomolecules, which could aid in detecting diseases directly from a blood sample. The study used computational simulations to examine nearly 300 cluster-biomolecule combinations and found clear differences in their interactions.
A new study by the University of Technology Sydney found that regular Group Clinical Supervision can meaningfully reduce burnout among midwives. The program provided a confidential setting for small groups to reflect on their experiences and develop strategies for managing emotional demands.
Researchers tracked 48 urban coyotes and found that over half of their dens were in natural structures, while others incorporated human-related items to create strong, hidden shelters. The study highlights the adaptability and intelligence of coyotes, which play a crucial role in urban ecosystems as apex predators and ecosystem engineers.
A Japanese-German research consortium is developing invisible magnets that can manipulate antiferromagnets ultrafast using intense light pulses. This approach has the potential to increase processing speed by a factor of 1,000, revolutionizing optical communication and information technology.
The research team developed a two-terminal-based AI semiconductor that precisely controls hydrogen with electrical signals, resolving speed degradation and high power consumption limitations. The device ran stably for over 10,000 repetitive operations and demonstrated learning and memory functions similar to human brain synapses.
The Dream Biology Award recognizes original ideas with potential to advance biological research and deliver benefits to society. The competition invites ambitious proposals across various biological sciences and offers a unique trophy and €10,000 prize.
A new US-based method using engineered yeast produces oxalic acid, enabling efficient and sustainable recovery of rare earth elements. The process extracts almost all the rare earth elements from low-grade ore with high efficiency.
The Brain & Behavior Research Foundation has awarded $1 million to 10 senior scientists conducting innovative research in neurobiological and behavioral science. The grants will support studies focused on critical mental health challenges such as depression, autism spectrum disorder, PTSD, and schizophrenia.
Research shows that babies can understand and engage in deception from as young as 10 months, with 1 in 4 by 17 months and 50% by 3 years old. Children's deception development builds in their first years, becoming more proficient and creative as they grow, and can involve various tactics like hiding, denial, and fabrication.
Scientists develop a simpler route-sensing signal to support accurate control in tendon-sheath mechanisms, opening doors to more compact and adaptable robotic systems. They found that friction-induced elongation is governed by the accumulated curve angle, enabling a comprehensive feedforward control framework.
A new technique harnessing Fourier ptychographic microscopy and coherence scanning interferometry provides accurate 3D morphology measurements of high-aspect-ratio micro-trenches. The method achieves high lateral resolution without iterative phase retrieval, enabling robust characterization of complex structures.
Researchers have developed a method to preserve brain tissue in a functional state using vitrification, allowing for long-term preservation and re-examination of neural networks. The technique enables the recovery of electrical signals and long-term potentiation, crucial for learning and memory processes.
Early alterations in the brain's clearance system may contribute to psychosis vulnerability. A study found that individuals with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome, a genetic condition, had impaired glymphatic system function from childhood, which may promote psychosis onset.
In a breakthrough study, researchers successfully integrated neuronal precursor cells into biobots, resulting in the formation of functional nervous systems. This development has significant implications for neuroscience, bioengineering, and regenerative medicine, enabling the investigation of fundamental questions about the origin of ...
Researchers discovered 30 bacterial species that break down biodegradable plastic, revealing speed and factors influencing degradation. The study highlights the importance of understanding microbial communities and plastic chemistry in plastic biodegradation.
A new study from the University of Vaasa investigates how adaptive machine learning and advanced sensor fusion methods can improve positioning accuracy, robustness, and efficiency. Device-based machine learning reduces dependence on cloud-based processing, strengthening privacy protection and contributing to discussions on trustworthy AI.
A new study from Drexel University found that individuals who spent more time in nature reported better dietary behaviors, such as eating more fruits and vegetables. Participants who spent more time in nature also experienced improved mental health, including reduced depression, anxiety, and stress.
Researchers from Institute of Science Tokyo reveal the SPP1–CD44–Hedgehog signaling pathway as a key driver of fibrosis in liver tumors, hinting at its potential as a therapeutic target. The study provides valuable insights into how liver tumors actively shape their surroundings, driving the onset and progression of fibrosis.
A recent study found that the 2008 recession significantly altered Americans' class identity, with most people perceiving themselves as a lower class after the event. The research used four longitudinal datasets and found that class identity decreased on average following the recession, even years after the market crash.
The latest English volumes in the Handbook of Construction Machinery series have been launched, featuring Chinese expertise in port, piling, concrete, and environmental sanitation machinery. The series, spanning 21 volumes and 20 million Chinese characters, provides a comprehensive overview of China's construction machinery sector.
Researchers developed dual-modulated vertically stacked transistors with nanoscale channels, overcoming current leakage issues. The device achieves stable operation and low power loss in 3D stacked structures.
Researchers discovered that PFK, a key sugar-processing enzyme, has a hidden function controlling cell division by unwinding RNA and promoting gene translation. The enzyme's ability to bind and unwind RNA was found to be crucial for cell cycle progression, with cells lacking PFK2 showing slowed growth and division issues.
A new brain pathway has been identified that enables humans to quickly detect and respond to 'scary' sounds, leading to increased self-reported fearfulness. This pathway is associated with better hearing ability in noisy environments.
Developed by CU Anschutz experts, the tool helps patients weigh treatment options and boosts confidence. The majority of patients reported it was helpful in their decision-making process, finding it useful and satisfied with the tool.
EDENT1FI has screened 100,000 children across Europe for early-stage type 1 diabetes, using standardized screening programs and harmonized data collection. The initiative aims to empower families to manage life with type 1 diabetes effectively and support children and adolescents with early-stage detection.
Researchers found that adults with ADHD exhibit more sleep-like brain activity, leading to more lapses in attention. This increased activity may be a key brain mechanism underlying attention problems in ADHD. Further study is needed to explore potential strategies to mitigate this activity.
Researchers analyzed Oregon Medicaid case data and found that severe burns requiring hospital-level care are a growing threat in the overdose epidemic. People who smoke drugs like fentanyl and methamphetamine account for most of these cases, with butane torches posing a significant risk due to locking mechanisms.
The cf-EpiTracing platform has been developed to detect and trace diseases from as little as 50 μl of human plasma, capturing detailed epigenetic fingerprints. It has delivered impressive results in early diagnosis and screening for colorectal cancer, achieving an accuracy rate of up to 97.6%.
Researchers developed a method to measure individual thresholds for change, finding that personal thresholds vary widely and that combining social network structure and individual thresholds improves real-world interventions. Strategies that target individuals connected to many others who are already adopting the change were most effec...
Researchers discovered that migration and invasion inhibitory protein (MIIP) suppresses colorectal cancer progression by preventing immune cells from adopting tumor-supportive behaviors. MIIP reduces cancer cell migration, invasion, and metastasis by interrupting an immune feedback loop involving STING, NFκB2, and IL-10.
A global analysis of over 2,300 seawater samples reveals human-made chemicals make up a significant portion of organic matter in coastal oceans. Industrial chemicals, including plastics and consumer products, dominate the anthropogenic chemical signal, persisting even 20 kilometers offshore.
Using azithromycin within one day triggers antibiotic resistance in the respiratory tract, according to a study published in Nature Microbiology. The researchers followed hospitalized COVID-19 patients and found that azithromycin changed the mix of microbes in the upper airway, leading to persistent changes for more than a week.
A new study describes an implantable brain-computer interface (iBCI) typing neuroprosthesis that can restore communication with speed and accuracy for people with paralysis. Two clinical trial participants, one with ALS and the other with a spinal cord injury, used the device to communicate rapidly and accurately, with a word error rat...
A new platform, Build Better Bones, offers evidence-based guidance and practical resources for osteoporosis management. The platform, developed by the International Osteoporosis Foundation, provides a trusted place for people with osteoporosis to start their journey, with a focus on exercise, nutrition, and home safety.
Researchers developed a computational tool that infers telomere length from structural changes in cells and tissues captured in medical biopsies. The TLPath model accurately predicts telomere length, providing new opportunities for studying human aging.
Continuing GLP-1/GIP agonists before upper endoscopy increased clinically significant residual gastric volume, but did not elevate adverse event risk. Clear liquids the day prior to the procedure may mitigate this risk.
Engineers at Harvard create microcombs on photonic chips, enabling compact, programmable frequency combs for precision measurement and telecommunications applications. The breakthrough makes electro-optic microcombs more practical, energy efficient, and diverse.
Researchers use NASA's James Webb Space Telescope to study the ultra-low-density planet Kepler-51d, which defies planetary formation models. A thick layer of haze on the planet obscures its chemical elements and origin, making it challenging to discern its formation process.
A systematic review of 42 studies reveals a rising trend in self-injury among children and youth in high-income countries, with significant variability across countries. The findings highlight the need for effective, contextually informed prevention strategies to curb this growing concern.
PrimeC, a combination of celecoxib and ciprofloxacin, targets neuroinflammation, iron accumulation, and abnormal microRNA activity in ALS. The PARADIGM study shows improved functional outcomes and reduced ALS-related complications with PrimeC treatment.
ToxIndex integrates AI agents to access and orchestrate toxicological resources, providing comprehensive risk assessments in hours. The platform addresses a critical need in chemical and drug safety, meeting the vision of the 2007 NRC report for 21st-century safety testing.
A cross-sectional analysis found significant delays in treatment initiation for early-onset colorectal cancer in all-urban populations, with young male, Asian or Pacific Islander, Black, or Hispanic patients disproportionately affected. These delays, exceeding 90 days, challenge assumptions of uniformly timely access in urban settings.
A clinical trial found that weekly injectable extended-release buprenorphine treatment resulted in higher rates of illicit opioid abstinence during pregnancy compared to sublingual buprenorphine. Serious adverse events were also less common in the extended-release group.
Researchers developed a comprehensive genetic risk calculator for metabolic disease by integrating genetic data from hundreds of thousands of people worldwide. The polygenic risk score outperformed existing disease-prediction models and predicted downstream morbidity and clinical interventions, particularly in non-European populations.
Febrile neutropenia is a chemotherapy complication that Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) can help alleviate. TCM combines tonifying qi and blood, warming yang, and strengthening the spleen and kidney to treat FN. Combining TCM with standard therapy significantly improves outcomes.
Dr. Sara Simblett brings expertise in digital health innovation, patient engagement, and technology integration to JMIR Neurotechnology. Her research focuses on improving access, quality, and outcomes of care through digital interventions.
Researchers discovered that acetylcholine can directly trigger the release of serotonin in the brain, promoting coordinated chemical signaling. This finding suggests that brain disorders may involve the internal coordination system being pushed into overdrive, leading to pathological increases in serotonin levels.
Researchers developed novel tantalate high-entropy ceramics coatings that surpassed 1500 °C thermal barrier performance. The coatings showed excellent structural integrity and stable fluorite crystal structure under rigorous thermal measurements.
A research team developed a machine learning accelerated design strategy to screen optimal BaTiO3-based high-entropy ceramic compositions, achieving ultrahigh energy storage performance and high efficiency. The designed ceramic exhibits excellent environmental stability and pulsed charge-discharge performance, paving the way for practi...
SwRI is using low frequency eddy current testing to detect and characterize subsurface flaws and cracks in bolt holes. This method will allow aircraft maintainers to assess damage progression and make repair decisions to keep the aircraft flying safely.
Researchers found that reforestation in tropical regions, such as the Amazon basin and West and South-East Africa, can have a significant cooling effect due to high evapotranspiration rates. This approach can be more efficient than previously thought, especially when combined with other climate protection strategies.
Researchers developed lead-free relaxor ferroelectric ceramics with enhanced energy storage and ultrafast discharge capabilities. The high-entropy approach and bandgap engineering enabled grain refinement, increased resistivity, and a broader bandgap, contributing to a significantly enhanced breakdown electric field.
Researchers tested ChatGPT with over 700 hypotheses, finding the AI was accurate 76.5% of the time, but struggled to identify false statements and was inconsistent in its answers. The study highlights the need for skepticism and caution when using AI for critical tasks, particularly those involving nuance or complex reasoning.
A recent study on sheep genome sheds light on regulatory elements that influence gene expression, providing tools for breeders to select beneficial traits and avoid disease. The study mapped gene promoters and enhancers in various tissues, offering a platform for exploring future research across multiple animal species.
A concerning rise in adolescent obesity has been found, with overall rates climbing to 15.9% in 2023. Obesity patterns also reveal a decline in weight-loss attempts, with females more likely to attempt weight loss but fewer adolescents reporting efforts in 2023.
Researchers found that nearly 80% of patients with elevated Lp(a) >50 mg/dL did not initiate lipid-lowering therapy, highlighting selective responses to elevated Lp(a). PCSK9 inhibitors and aspirin initiation were also less common among patients with elevated Lp(a).
The new framework groups stations with similar hydrological behavior, reducing computational cost while maintaining high predictive accuracy. This approach enables scalable, data-efficient AI systems for water level forecasting, supporting flood early-warning systems, optimized reservoir and irrigation management, and improved decision...
Climate mitigation policies may increase hunger risk due to land use competition, but ozone reduction benefits partially offset these effects. Ozone-driven yield gains reduce food prices and increase food availability, particularly in regions with severe hunger.
A new clinical trial will investigate whether adding the oral medication vorasidenib to standard chemotherapy improves progression-free survival for people with newly-diagnosed, grade 3 IDH-mutant astrocytoma. The study aims to recruit 400 individuals with this type of brain cancer and evaluate the safety and side-effect profile of the...
A new class of molten planet has been discovered, with a permanent ocean of magma and a unique composition of heavy sulphur molecules. This exoplanet, L 98-59 d, is unlike any known planet in our Solar System and may be the first of its kind in the galaxy.